Biodegradation profile and soil microbiota interactions of poly(vinyl alcohol)/starch-based fertilizers

Author(s)

dos Santos, Rodrigo R. ; Montagnolli, Renato N. ; Faez, Roselena

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules; v. 287, p. 9-pg., 2024-12-14.

Abstract

Enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) are critical for sustainable agriculture, providing essential nutrients while minimizing environmental impact. However, developing EEFs that effectively degrade after use remains a significant challenge. This study investigates the biodegradation and nutrient release profiles of EEFs composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and starch-nutrient microspheres. EEFs were developed using a dual-layered approach: spray drying to create starch-nutrient microspheres, followed by melt processing with PVA to form pastilles. A 100-day soil biodegradation test monitored CO2 release as an indicator of microbial activity and material degradation. Comprehensive analyses, including chemical (FTIR), thermal (DSC), and morphological (SEM) assessments, were conducted. The increased CO band intensity (similar to 1640 cm(-1)) after biodegradation indicated early stages of PVA degradation, accompanied by a rise in the glass transition temperature (Tg). Thermal analysis revealed nutrient release, as evidenced by a decrease in KNO3 peaks. Starch-based EEFs enhanced CO2 release and mycelial coverage, suggesting that starch-containing materials facilitated PVA degradation by improving microbial adhesion. This study underscores the potential of biodegradable EEFs to enhance soil health and reduce pollution, thereby contributing significantly to sustainable agriculture. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/14234-0 - Biodegradation in soil of enhanced efficiency fertilizers based of poly(vinyl alcohol) and starch microspheres
• Grantee: Rodrigo Ragazzi dos Santos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 19/02535-5 - Polymeric structures as host matrices for-release nutrients: environmentally friendly fertilizers
• Grantee: Roselena Faez
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants