Impact of endodontic irrigant solutions on the viability and metabolism of stem cells from apical papilla: proposal of a novel in vitro model

Author(s)

Coelho, Letycia Accioly Simoes ; Bordini, Ester Alves Ferreira ; Cassiano, Fernanda Balestrero ; Stuani, Vitor de Toledo ; Silva, Renato Menezes ; dos Passos, Diana Gabriela Soares ; Duarteg, Marco Antonio Hungaro

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS; v. 29, n. 2, p. 9-pg., 2025-02-18.

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation protocols on the viability and metabolism of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) using a new in vitro protocol that simulates the clinical situation. Materials and methods Forty-eight bovine dentin cylinders were obtained and prepared to simulate teeth with incomplete rhizogenesis, positioned under a three-dimensional (3D) culture of SCAPs to mimic the apical papilla. The cylinders were divided into four groups (n = 8) according to the irrigating solution: Control; NaOCl (Sodium hypochlorite 1%); EDTA (17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid); and NaOCl + EDTA. Subsequently, the viability (Live/Dead n = 2) and metabolism (Alamar Blue n = 6) of the cells were assessed (ISO 10993). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05). Results In the 1 to 3 days period, Control and EDTA had significantly higher increases in metabolism compared to NaOCl and NaOCl + EDTA (p < 0.05). In the 3- to 7-day period, metabolism significantly decreased in NaOCl + EDTA compared to EDTA (p < 0.05) but was similar to Control and NaOCl. Additionally, significant differences were observed within groups Control, EDTA, and NaOCl + EDTA across the two periods (p < 0.05). Conclusions The tested in vitro model allows for the analysis of the response of SCAPs to different irrigating solutions, simulating the clinical situation. Sodium hypochlorite 1% demonstrated high cytotoxicity to SCAPs, whose effects were partially reversed by 17% EDTA. Clinical relevane The methodology developed provides a tool for future investigations, allowing for the assessment of new irrigants and techniques that may optimize tissue regeneration. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 23/01051-0 - Development and analysis of new irrigators and protocols for use in revascularization and pulp regeneration procedures
• Grantee: Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants