Impact of Wine Polyphenols on the Inflammatory Profile of Induced Apical Periodontitis in Rats

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Ricci, Rafaela ; Pereira, Bharbara de Moura ; Alvarado, Julissa Denisse Arguello ; Sales-Junior, Romulo de Oliveira ; Machado, Nathalia Evelyn da Silva ; dos Santos, Doany Cevada ; Pederro, Felipe Haddad Martim ; Magnani, Marciane ; Lima, Marcos dos Santos ; Ervolino, Edilson ; Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angelo ; Kishen, Anil ; Gomes-Filho, Joao Eduardo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS; v. 51, n. 5, p. 8-pg., 2025-05-01.

Abstract

Introduction: This study evaluated the impact of dealcoholized red wine polyphenols on the inflammation and lesion volume associated with apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats receiving AP induction were arranged as follows: Control Group, Dealcoholized Red Wine Group (DRW), Red Wine Group, and Alcohol Group (ALC). Solutions were administered daily in a volume of 4.28 mL/kg via gavage for 45 days. Mandibles and maxillae were removed for histologic, immunohistochemical (IL-1b, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand, osteoprotegerin [OPG], and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase), and micro-computed tomography analyses of the AP site. A statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: Inflammation and TRAP-positive cell count were similar for DRW and Red Wine Group, but lower when compared to Control Group and ALC (P < .001). The immunohistochemical expression of OPG was higher for DRW than for ALC (P < .05). A larger lesion volume was observed in ALC compared to other groups (P < .001). Conclusions: Prophylactic administration of dealcoholized red wine significantly reduced inflammation, decreased the number of TRAP-positive cells, enhanced OPG expression, and reduced lesion volume compared to water and alcohol solutions. (J Endod 2025;51:594-601.) (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 22/05023-8 - Effect of non alcoholic wine on the development of Periodical Lesion induced in rats
• Grantee: João Eduardo Gomes Filho
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 22/06100-6 - Prophylactic effect of alcohol-free red wine consumption on the development of Induced Apical Periodontitis in rats
• Grantee: Rafaela Ricci
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate