Effectiveness of Different Training and Testing Parameters on the Formation and Maintenance of Equivalence Classes: Investigating Prejudiced Racial Attitudes

Autor(es)

Mizael, Tahcita M. ^[1] ; de Almeida, Joao H. ^[1] ; Roche, Bryan ^[2] ; de Rose, Julio C. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCar, Sao Carlos - Brazil

^[2] Natl Univ Ireland, Maynooth, Kildare - Ireland

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD; v. 71, n. 2, p. 265-277, JUN 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

This study aimed to verify the role of three parameters on the formation of equivalence classes between Black faces and a positive symbol, in children who demonstrated negative bias toward Black faces in a pretest. Maintenance was also verified 6 weeks after equivalence tests. Forty-six children (11 Black; 27 girls) who demonstrated racial bias in a pretest were divided into four groups. All groups first learned AB relations (A1 and A2 were, respectively, a positive and a negative symbol, and B were abstract stimuli) and then BC relations (C1 was a Black face and C2 was an abstract stimulus). The Control Group then advanced immediately to equivalence tests (AC, and CA, without differential consequences). For the Mixed Training Group, a block of trials mixing AB and BC relations, with differential consequences, preceded equivalence tests. For the Feedback Reduction Group, equivalence tests were preceded by a trial block mixing AB and BC relations, but with feedback in 50% of trials. The Symmetry Group received symmetry tests after training of each baseline relation. Thirty-three children showed class formation relating Black faces and the positive symbol, and 27 maintained at least one of the equivalence relations after 6 weeks. Average biases toward Black faces were positive in a posttest, for participants who formed equivalence classes, and remained negative for those that did not form classes. The Control Group showed less pronounced bias reduction and maintenance of relations after 6 weeks, suggesting that these outcomes may be affected by training parameters. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/50909-8 - INCT 2014: Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino (INCT-ECCE): aprendizagem relacional e funcionamento simbólico
• Beneficiário: Deisy das Graças de Souza
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 15/10225-5 - Estabelecimento e manutenção de classes de estímulos equivalentes com estímulos significativos à partir de procedimentos de emparelhamento de acordo com o modelo e do tipo respondente: Investigando a atitude racial preconceituosa.
• Beneficiário: Táhcita Medrado Mizael
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/01874-7 - Análise do efeito da nodalidade em redes relacionais derivadas de similaridade, oposição e hierarquia.
• Beneficiário: João Henrique de Almeida
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 08/57705-8 - Instituto de Estudos sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino
• Beneficiário: Deisy das Graças de Souza
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático