Analysis of nitrogen status of bean plant using color digital images

• Grant number: 15/00070-4
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: August 01, 2015
• End date: July 31, 2016
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agricultural Engineering
• Principal Investigator: Murilo Mesquita Baesso
• Grantee: Márcio Januário Brantis Júnior
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The bean was considered typical culture of small farmers, being mostly used as subsistence crop. However, in recent years, the beans have been planted by large manufacturers with the use of a technical agriculture. Nitrogen (N) is one of the major nutrient for common bean, and its deficiency is common. Visually, the identification of this deficiency is made by observing a chlorosis of the leaves, which begins by older, enabling the use of spectral reflectance to detect N. deficiency. This work will be conducted in a greenhouse on the campus of University of São Paulo (USP), College of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), located in Pirassununga, with five treatments (0, 50,100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1), with 10 repetitions, totaling 50 pots with 8dm³ each one, with soil material. The cultivation will be performed in pots for better control of the quantities of nutrients applied. Each vase is gong to have three plants of "carioca" bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. Nitrogen is a nutrient of high mobility in soil, so the dose will be applied in two stages: one in the act of planting, corresponding to one third of the total and the remainder at 20 days after germination. The other nutrients are mixed with the soil material uniformly in all vases. The amount used will be calculated based on the results of soil analysis. The vases will be arranged in a completely randomized design, in split plot in time: doses will be allocated in the plot and the time in subplots. There will be a daily irrigation, so there is no influence of water stress in plants. To validate the nitrogen deficiency level in the plant, leaf analysis will be made of each treatment at 50 DAE (days after emergence). The images will be obtained by a color digital camera SONY brand, model CyberShot DSC-W570, with a resolution of up to 4608 (h) x 3456 (v), equipped with a Carl Zeiss lens with 35mm focal length and f / 2.6 -6.3. The following indexes are calculated: too much green; standard red; green normalized; and green-red ratio.