Cover crops and nitrogen in coverage associated with crop rotation on wheat production and productivity components in no-tillage system

• Grant number: 17/02373-0
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: April 01, 2017
• End date: March 31, 2018
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Crop Science
• Principal Investigator: Orivaldo Arf
• Grantee: Fernando de Souza Buzo
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Engenharia (FEIS). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Ilha Solteira. Ilha Solteira , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a cereal of extreme importance for human food worldwide, since ancient civilizations and is now a raw material for breads and pasta production, for example. Nowadays, it is possible to grow it in the Central Brazil region, but it is necessary to seek greater productive efficiency coupled with more sustainable cultivation practices, seeking a greater conservation of the soil. One way to do this is by adopting the no-tillage system and the use of intercropping vegetation cover. It is also known that nitrogen is a very nutrient demanded by plants and that there is still no official fertilizer recommendation for the no-tillage system. Thus, the present work seeks to study the effect of different plant coverings in consortium with maize crop associated with crop rotation in the development and yield of wheat grown under no - tillage system and with nitrogen doses in the cover fertilization. It is an experiment in a randomized block design, in a 5x4 factorial scheme whose treatments are the combination of the different vegetation coverings intercropped with maize (Exclusive corn; Corn + Crotalaria spectabilis; Maize + pigeon; Maize + pork bean; Maize + Urochloa riziziensis) with the nitrogen rates provided to the crop (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), with 4 replicates. The experimental area is located in the Teaching and Research Farm belonging to the Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira - UNESP, located in the municipality of Selvíria-MS. And the evaluations carried out in the course of the work will be: dry mass of the plants, plant height, N content in the leaves, degree of lodging, number of grains per spike, grain yield, mass of 1000 grains and hectoliter mass.