Prospective evaluation of the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis during the hospitalization of small animals in the intensive monitoring service of HOVET-FMVZ-USP from August 2017 to August 2018

• Grant number: 17/16720-3
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: October 01, 2017
• End date: September 30, 2018
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Veterinary Medicine - Animal Clinics and Surgery
• Principal Investigator: Silvia Renata Gaido Cortopassi
• Grantee: Victória Aparecida Freitas Foganholi
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and is a frequent metabolic disorder in small animals. It is an emergency condition that requires immediate intensive treatment, has a severe prognosis, and is responsible for high mortality rates. DKA occurs in both dogs and cats, being much more common in dogs than in diabetic cats, such a complication is characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, ketonemia and loss of electrolytes and develops from an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin added to an excess of hyperglycemic hormones. However, although DKA is a frequent disorder, studies on the treatment of this complication are scarce, since the existing studies are based only on the treatment of DM, not adhering to DKA. Therefore, a study that in fact evaluates the efficacy of the most recommended therapeutic protocol for this condition becomes of fundamental importance. Thus, the present study, which will be of the prospective type, covering the period from August 2017 to August 2018, aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the protocol of treatment of DKA instituted in the patients hospitalized in the Intensive Monitoring Service (SIM) of HOVET-USP with previous DKA diagnosis, such evaluation will be made based on the analysis of glycemia parameters, serum concentration of ²-hydroxybutyic acid and glycosuria, as well as evaluation of the improvement of the clinical picture of the animal. These measurements will be performed every 6 hours, the initial measurement being when the patient is admitted to the SIM and the final when they are hospital discharge, and the data obtained will be analyzed for the reduction rate pattern obtained in order to analyze the patient's response treatment. (AU)