The role of crosstalk between neurons and glia on experimental dopaminergic dysfunctions: how novelty in image analysis and glia to neuron exosome transfer can help us?

• Grant number: 19/14765-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: September 10, 2019
• End date: December 19, 2019
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Pharmacology - Neuropsychopharmacology
• Principal Investigator: Elaine Aparecida Del Bel Belluz Guimarães
• Grantee: Rafaela Aparecida Ponciano da Silva de Moraes
• Supervisor: Frank Kirchhoff
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
• Associated to the scholarship: 19/02300-8 - Doxycycline effects in the haloperidol-induced tardive dyskinesia, BP.IC

Abstract

Neuroinflammation process is characterized by interaction between neurons and cells of immune system, such as cytokines, chemokines, inflammatory cells, matrixmetalloproteinases (MMPs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glial cells. This neuroimmune interaction is presents in Schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease (PD).Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and their terminals in the striatum. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons occurs due a variety of factors, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, formation of Lewy bodies and the key event of neuroinflammation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) named exosomes have been implicated in oxidative tolerance and astrogliosis in distinct pathologic conditions. They participate in systemic signalling by mediating the specifice xchange of biomolecules between cells. Considering the neuro-immune modulation asan essential mechanism for start and maintence of PD, the investigation of glial participation in this disorder through novel imaging techniques and the knowledge about exosomes-mediated neural and glial communication are powerful tools for advanced studies in the area. In this sense, the general objectives of this proposal are: (1) Acquirehigh-resolution images with rich detail from basal ganglia region from parkinsonian rats;(2) Learn the Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy handling and (3) Learn the techniques to determine the prevalence of exosome-mediated oligodendrocyte-neuroncommunication in different areas of the brain. (AU)