Transport and Accessibility Inequalities Dynamic Spatial Models Developed with the Aid of Satellite Images to Explore Scenarios in Support of Public Policy Formulation

• Grant number: 22/07791-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• Start date: May 01, 2023
• End date: June 02, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Urban and Regional Planning - Methods and Techniques of Urban and Regional Planning
• Principal Investigator: Cláudia Maria de Almeida
• Grantee: Diego Bogado Tomasiello
• Host Institution: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil). São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The traditional vision for the elaboration of public transport policies resulted in great inequalities in terms of access to employment, education, and leisure opportunities. The understanding of how the location of employment opportunities influences the residential choice of different social groups and the location of companies and how they reflect the population's access to education and leisure should be better explored with the objective of minimizing inequalities. In this sense, the present project seeks to understand the influence of the location of job opportunities on the dynamics of residential choice and the location of companies for the simulation of alternative scenarios of public policies that can drive the debate on the role of transport and housing in these processes, as well as to assess how far we are from the "20-minute city". For this, we propose the creation of a model that simulates the dynamics of residential choice and location of companies through components that include the dispute processes by type of land use (residential and commercial), with a focus on the supply of public transport and on the accessibility to jobs. An agent-based model will be implemented, which will be based on time series of satellite images, allowing to simulate the potential impacts of different job offers, public transport, and housing on the distribution of accessibility to jobs, leisure, and education by social group.