Investigation of the systemic and local biological properties of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis) on the severity of apical periodontitis in diabetic animals. Study of anti-inflammatory, antiresorptive, antioxidant and antidyslipidemic capacity

• Grant number: 23/13400-9
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• Start date: April 01, 2024
• Status: Discontinued
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Endodontics
• Principal Investigator: Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
• Grantee: Carolina Sayuri Wajima
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia (FOA). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Araçatuba. Araçatuba , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 24/13344-4 - Injectable GelMA hydrogel intracanal medication composed of Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and Calcium hydroxide for endodontic treatment, BE.EP.MS

Abstract

Apical periodontitis (AP) is characterized by inflammation and periapical bone resorption caused by bacterial colonization in root canal systems. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by insulin resistance and/or insulin secretion deficiency. Previous studies by our research group have shown that DM can accelerate the development and severity of AP. Yerba mate (Yerba mate) (Ilex paraguariensis) has several beneficial effects on health due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protection and regulation of the intestinal microbiota. The aim of this study is to investigate the systemic and local biological properties of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguariensis) on the severity of apical periodontitis in diabetic animals. Sixty-four 3-month-old male Wistar rats will be divided into 8 groups: Control Group (CO); Group with induced apical periodontitis (AP); Group supplemented with yerba mate (YM); Group with induced AP and supplemented with YM (AP+YM); Diabetic Group (D); Diabetic Group with induced AP (D+AP); Diabetic Group supplemented with YM (D+YM) and Diabetic Group with induced AP and supplemented with YM (D+AP+YM). DM will be induced by a single administration of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). After 7 days, DM induction will be confirmed and yerba mate supplementation (80 mg/kg/day) will be started by gavage until the end of the experiment. After 35 days from the start of the experiment, AP will be induced by pulp exposure of the right upper and lower first and second molars. After 30 days, the blood will be collected for serum blood count, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid oxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis, triglyceride and cholesterol levels and serum analysis for the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF- ± by the Elisa method. The animals will then be euthanized and the right hemi-mandibles and hemi-maxillae will be collected to characterize the severity of AP by analyzing the inflammatory infiltrate and the area of bone resorption using the following analyses: histological and histometric in hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining; immunohistochemistry for IL-6, TNF-±, TRAP, RANK-L and OPG; and microtomography using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Throughout the experimental period, on strategic days, the body weight and blood glucose levels of all the animals will be analyzed. The results will be submitted to specific statistical tests for each case, with a significance level of 5%.