"Effect of bergamot byproduct supplementation (citrus bergamia) on the prevention of cardiorenal metabolic syndrome resulting from the consumption of a Western diet."

• Grant number: 24/03143-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: June 01, 2024
• End date: May 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutrition Biochemistry
• Principal Investigator: Camila Renata Corrêa
• Grantee: Júlia Camargo de Almeida
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina (FMB). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Botucatu. Botucatu , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) has been studied as a therapeutic strategy to combat metabolic changes due to its antioxidant activity. Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome (CRMS) is a disease resulting from kidney and heart dysfunction resulting from metabolic changes and oxidative stress. The objective of this study is to investigate the action of Citrus bergamia byproduct on the manifestation of cardiorenal metabolic syndrome in rats fed an obesogenic diet. Wistar rats will be randomly distributed into 4 groups to receive control diet + vehicle (C, n=10 animals), control diet + Bergamot (C+B, n=10 animals), diet rich in sugar and fat (High Sugar-Fat Diet) + vehicle (HSF, n=10) and High Sugar-Fat Diet + Bergamot (HSF+B, n=10 animals) for a period of 20 weeks. HSF groups will also receive 25% sucrose in their drinking water, while controls will receive drinking water without any supplementation. The nutritional profile will be evaluated according to the following parameters: caloric intake, daily food consumption, body weight. Cardiac function will also be determined by echocardiogram and renal function by proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate in addition to systolic blood pressure. After euthanasia, plasma glucose, triacylglycerol, urea and creatinine and insulin levels and the adiposity index will be measured. In order to evaluate resistance to insulin action, the HOMA- IR calculation will be performed. In tissues (kidney and heart) indicators of oxidative stress will also be evaluated. Data will be presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median (interquartile range) depending on the normality of the data. Differences between groups will be determined by Two Way ANOVA analysis of variance and complemented with post-hoc according to normality (parametric or non-parametric). Statistical analyzes will be performed using Sigma Stat for Windows Version 3.5. (Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). The significance level considered will be 5%.