Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Periodontal Ligament Mesenchymal Cells: An In Vitro Study.

• Grant number: 24/16594-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: February 01, 2025
• End date: December 31, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Periodontology
• Principal Investigator: Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini
• Grantee: Maria Eduarda Pontieri Malara
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de São José dos Campos. São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Stem cells from the periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) are currently promising sources used in regenerative therapies in dentistry based on tissue engineering. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapies provide biophysical stimuli that may enhance tissue regeneration by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells in vitro. Additionally, PEMF may influence the biomechanical properties of mesenchymal cells, including osteogenic differentiation, viability, proliferation, interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and communication with neighboring cells, demonstrating therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration. Considering the complexity of periodontal tissues and the focus of current research on mesenchymal cell-based regenerative strategies and biophysical stimulation applications, the hypothesis of this study is that stimulation of periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells (PDLSCs) using PEMF can improve the biological properties of these cells evaluated in vitro. The study will assess cell proliferation, cell viability, genotoxicity, alkaline phosphatase content, and mineralization nodule formation of mesenchymal cells (PDLSCs) after exposure to PEMF (15 Hz, ±1 mT, 1 hour). For each analysis, cells exposed to PEMF will be compared with cells not exposed to PEMF. The data obtained from each analysis will be tabulated and subjected to normality and homoscedasticity tests. Depending on the results, parametric or non-parametric tests will be applied with a significance level of 5%