Air pollution and Pneumonia Hospitalization in elderly: A systematic review

• Grant number: 25/05698-3
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: June 01, 2025
• End date: May 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Medical Clinics
• Principal Investigator: Renata Calciolari Rossi
• Grantee: Isadora Lobato de Mauro
• Host Institution: Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação. Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE). Presidente Prudente , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy is a global phenomenon, which reflects advances in medicine, urbanization, and quality of life. However, alongside population and urban growth, atmospheric pollution has shown an annual rise in its rates, becoming a public health issue. The elderly are a vulnerable target for respiratory system inflammations, primarily due to the difficulty in diagnosing these conditions, caused by the presentation of nonspecific symptoms and immunosenescence, an intrinsic characteristic of this age group. Studies show that air pollutants such as particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone are associated with increased hospitalizations and the worsening of pneumonia in the elderly. Since the relationship between pollution and its impacts on elderly health is still not well understood, this systematic review aims to explore this association and provide a foundation for future research, public policies, and awareness on the topic. (AU)