Pluronic F-127 Hydrogel as a Vehicle for Controlled Antimicrobial Release: Antimicrobial Activity and Cytocompatibility with Apical Papilla Stem Cells

• Grant number: 25/12364-4
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: October 01, 2025
• End date: September 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Dental Materials
• Principal Investigator: Josimeri Hebling Costa
• Grantee: Sofia Eduarda Okada
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia (FOAr). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Araraquara. Araraquara , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Regenerative endodontics has emerged as a promising approach for treating immature teeth with pulp necrosis, aiming to restore the vitality and function of the dentin-pulp complex. However, Regenerative Endodontic Procedures (REPs) still face significant limitations, particularly regarding the cytotoxicity of traditionally used antimicrobial agents, which may compromise the viability and regenerative potential of stem cells from the apical papilla (hAPSCs). Additionally, the effectiveness of conventional disinfection methods is limited by the immature anatomy of root canals, which makes it challenging to create a biologically favorable environment for regeneration. Considering these challenges, this study proposes investigating the use of the thermoresponsive hydrogel Pluronic F-127 as a platform for the controlled release of antimicrobial agents. The goal is to develop a formulation that is both effective in disinfecting the root canal system and capable of preserving cellular viability and supporting tissue regeneration. This proposal aims to provide an innovative and safe alternative to enhance the clinical outcomes of REPs by striking a balance between antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility. Two sequential studies will be conducted. In Study 1, the potential of Pluronic F-127 as a vehicle for the controlled release of intracanal medications used in REPs will be evaluated to minimize its cytotoxicity against apical papilla stem cells (hAPSCs). This will involve assessments of cell viability (Alamar Blue and Live/Dead assays). In Study 2, the antimicrobial activity of the formulations will be assessed through bacterial biofilm inhibition assays using colony-forming unit (CFU) counts and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The number of biological replicates for each protocol will initially be based on previous studies and subsequently refined based on data obtained from the first experimental phase, with adjustments as necessary for each assay. Data will be subjected to appropriate statistical analyses following verification of sample distribution (Shapiro-Wilk test) and homogeneity of variances (Levene's test). Statistical inferences will be drawn with a significance level of 5%. (AU)