Construction and immunological characterization of a vaccine formulation with prophylactic properties aiming to control the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes virus (HSV).

Author(s)

Francisco André Marques de Oliveira Cariri

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2014-08-13

Examining board members

Ana Clara Guerrini Schenberg; Andrea Balan Fernandes; Eliane Namie Miyaji; Enrique Mario Boccardo Pierulivo; Armando Morais Ventura

• Advisor: Luis Carlos de Souza Ferreira

Abstract

The present thesis aims to evaluate the immunological responses induced by a bivalent DNA vaccine to the control HIV and HSV infectious. This genetic vaccine codes the gD protein from the HSV-1 virus envelope genetically fused with HIV Gag (p24) protein, which has various epitopes recognized by human and murine T CD8+ cells. The DNA vaccine, named pRE4p24, codes for p24 protein, inserted close to the C-terminal region of gD-1 protein, leading to the expression of the recombinant protein on the surface of the transfected cells. The location of the recombinant protein was confirmed with transfected HEK-293 cellsby immunofluorescence assays. Mice immunized with the vaccine generated antigen-specific antibody responses after three doses administered intramuscularly (i.m), intradermally with a syringe (i.d) or intradermally by gene gun (bioballistic) (gg). The immunological responses mediated by specific-T CD8+ p24 lymphocytes were evaluated and, according to the data obtained, the i.m administration was chosen for the next assays. Aiming the improvement of the vaccine immunogenicity, particularly for cellular responses, the effect of co-administration with other plasmids was assessed with: plasmids that express cytokines (pIL-2, pIL-12 or pGM-CSF); a vaccine vector based on pVAX (pgDp24); and a vector encoding a synthetic gene capable to increase the expression of gD protein in mammalian cells (pgDhp24). Finally, we developed a murine model for the functional evaluation of antigen-specific cytotoxic responses using a tumor cell line which expresses the p24 protein. Balb/c mice, immunized with pgDp24 had a reduced tumor growth when compared to non-immunized mice. In addition, vaccinated mice showed partial protection to a lethal challenge with HSV-1. (AU)