Effect of music on stress in chronic renal patients under hemodialysis treatment: quasi-experimental study

Author(s)

Lucimara Moreli

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2014-04-25

Examining board members

Emilia Campos de Carvalho; Sonir Roberto Rauber Antonini; Luciana Kusumota

• Advisor: Emilia Campos de Carvalho

Abstract

The objective in this quasi-experimental study was to assess the effect of music as complementary therapy on stress expression variables in chronic renal patients during hemodialysis treatment. As specific objectives, the study aimed to compare the physiological variables (salivary cortisol, cardiac frequency, arterial pressure, respiratory frequency and cutaneous temperature) and anxiety scores measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at two moments (day 1: observation of baseline; day 2: observation before and after the intervention). Other complementary objectives were: evaluation of the presence of circadian rhythm of cortisol, correspondence between salivary and plasmatic cortisol and assessment of the acceptance of the intervention. The manipulation variable was the hearing of the music selection the subjects preferred during 30 minutes. The study was undertaken at two distinct moments: first, the profile of the variables of interest was determined in a standard hemodialysis procedure, without intervention; second, the effect of a music intervention on the profile of the variables of interest was observed in a standard hemodialysis procedure. Fifty-five persons participated in the study, 52.7% male, with a mean age of 49.6 years (SD=15.7 years), with a mean length of treatment of 47.9 months (SD=47.5 months), mostly undergoing the first renal replacement treatment (83.6%). No difference was found between the mean concentration levels of the study subjects\' salivary cortisol at the two moments (days 1 and 2) and in the two phases of the intervention day (before and after the intervention), in the three HD shifts. The first and second HD shifts showed a graphic cortisol curve with a steep rise at the end of the hemodialysis while, in the third shift, the curve showed a slight decline from the start until the end of the HD session. Although most subjects showed low anxiety levels in all study phases, a significant difference was observed (p<0.001) between the mean anxiety levels in the pre and post-intervention phases. No statistical difference was observed for the variables: cardiac frequency, respiratory frequency, temperature and systolic blood pressure between pre and post-intervention. The diastolic blood pressure showed a difference between the mean levels at pre and post-intervention (p=0.0006). The presence of correlation between plasmatic and salivary cortisol was verified (r = 0.722 and p < 0.0001). In addition, the presence of a circadian rhythm of cortisol was observed in 85.4% of the study participants. The participants showed good acceptance of the music intervention. In conclusion, in the variables vital signs and cortisol, no difference was observed as a result of the intervention employed, but the STAI scores evidenced that music reduces anxiety, in the three HD shifts, which reinforces the use of this intervention (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/04541-0 - Music effect on stress in chronic renal patients under hemodialysis treatment: a quasi-experimental study
• Grantee: Lucimara Moreli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master