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| Author(s): |
Andréia Costa Vieira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Direito (FD/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2014-02-03 |
| Examining board members: |
Alberto do Amaral Junior;
Umberto Celli Junior;
Ana Maria de Oliveira Nusdeo;
Ximena Carolina Fuentes Torrijo;
Jorge Vinuales
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| Advisor: | Alberto do Amaral Junior |
| Abstract | |
The contemporary International Law is a pluralistic system that has faced distinct issues in the contemporary international agenda. One of these issues is the so termed water crisis, which comprises scarcity, pollution, water supply matters, the eagerness of the private sector to dominate it and the different international water conflicts. Water issues have mainly evolved through three different subjects of International Law: International Trade Law, International Environmental Law and International Law of Human Rights. To deal with these issues and to bring about real solutions to the water crisis, this research suggests a dialogue between these three different law subjects. It starts with the conjecture that International Law is a system, despite its different regimes, and identifies it within the phenomenon of globalization and its consequent phenomenon of global governance - shaped by distinct international actors, distinct rules and distinct adjudication fora. It presents the International Trade Regime and the International Environmental Regime, within which the water issues can be found, and points out possible dialogues between these regimes, shaped by the notion of sustainable development. It affirms the existence of the International Freshwater Regime and its two structural and developmental bases: the International Law of Non-Navigational Uses of Watercourses and the Human Right to Water. It introduces each element of these two subsystems and it concludes for the existence and development of the International Freshwater Regime, whose consolidation should be built on a dialogue with the International Trade Regime. Within such a proposal of dialogue, it presents two kinds of regime interaction: a conflict interaction and a relational interaction. As a conflict interaction, it brings about a dialogue between the GATT and the GATS rules and the International Freshwater Regime rules. As a relational interaction, it points out real instruments to harmonize international trade law and freshwater protection: the creation of a specialized agency under the United Nations auspices; the creation of an umbrella-convention on water resources; and the creation of a clean development mechanism and its consequent water certificates market. After explaining the hybridism of the water resources rules, it concludes for the legitimacy of this relational interaction and the gains it may have towards a sustainable development through a dialogue between International Trade Law and the Right to Water. (AU) | |