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| Author(s): |
Camila de Freitas Almeida
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB) |
| Defense date: | 2014-09-23 |
| Examining board members: |
Mariz Vainzof;
Juliana Gurgel Giannetti;
Luciana Amaral Haddad
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| Advisor: | Mariz Vainzof |
| Abstract | |
The muscular dystrophies form a large and heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, characterized mainly by progressive muscular degeneration and weakness. In the last decades, many studies have been carried on in order to identify the involved genes in these disorders. However, despite the identification of responsible mutations of the majority of the described forms, the underlying molecular processes to the primary mutation are very complex and are not fully understood. And to understand the mechanisms of each form is of major importance to the development of therapies. Global gene expression profiling by DNA microarrays is a powerful tool, able to yield a huge quantity of data, outlining the general landscape of the transcriptome of a given tissue or cell. In this sense, the objectives of this work were to study the expression profile of the muscles from three mice lineages, models for different forms of muscular dystrophy (Dmdmdx, Largemyd-/- and Dmdmdx/Largemyd-/-) in different phases of disease progression (21-day-old, three-month-old and six-month-old), in order to characterize the dystrophic process and how the expression profile changes according to aging and depending on the genetic mutation. In each model and age studied we identified a substantial number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), reflecting the diseases\' complexity. The analysis of the biological processes and pathways in which these genes are implicated showed a strong involvement of immune system and inflammation components, and also genes related to degeneration/regeneration and extracellular matrix remodeling processes. Altogether, the altered biologic functions are very similar in lineages, suggesting that although mutations are in different genes, with diverse functions, the affected molecular processes due to these mutations are basically the same. The most notable differences were seen on 21-day-old, especially on Dmdmdx lineage that showed a great quantity of DEGs, many of which are related to the better regenerative capacity this lineage exhibits and, thus, they are genes that could explain why these animals manifest a mild phenotype in comparison to human patients. The characterization of the double mutant Dmdmdx/Largemyd-/- showed that the union of both mutations does not bring on alterations on the transcriptome different from those seen in the parental lineages, with the double mutant profile closer to its parental Largemyd-/-, not bearing the same regenerative capacity that Dmdmdx (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/15543-4 - Identification and study of genes associated to the dystrophic phenotype |
| Grantee: | Camila de Freitas Almeida |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |