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| Author(s): |
Larissa José Parazzi
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Pirassununga. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2014-08-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Anibal de Sant Anna Moretti;
Júlio César de Carvalho Balieiro;
Helena Emilia Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso;
Simone Maria Massami Kitamura Martins;
Caio Abércio da Silva
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| Advisor: | Anibal de Sant Anna Moretti |
| Abstract | |
Glutamine (Gln) and glutamate (Glu) actively participate in metabolism as energy sources for intense cells proliferation, such as enterocytes, immune cells, and embryos trophoblasts. The main objective was to evaluate the effects of L-glutamine and L-glutamic acid (1%) supplementation in the diets: (a) sows since arrival to the experimental place until the appearing of the first heat, followed by the first estrous cycle and flushing (chapter I), (b) gilts at the end of the first third of pregnancy, then lactation, weaning estrus interval and initial and middle thirds of up to 73 days of gestation subsequent (Chapter II); and in weaning diets of piglets at 49 days of age (Chapter III). In Chapter I, the females supplemented during the flushing were slaughtered at the 5th gestation day for embryos and ovary evaluation. The number of corpora lutea in the supplemented group was numerically higher than in the control group (20.25 vs. 17.88, respectively), suggesting a possible effect of supplementation on ovulation rate, accompanied by the highest percentage of live cells and smaller percentage of dead cells with significance on variances, which are indicative of lower variability and better structures homogeneity, leading to possible influence on embryo viability. In Chapter II, primiparous revealed no significant differences in the weights backfat thickness at the end of gestation, lactation and subsequent pregnancy. The glutamine and glutamate concentrations in blood plasma were significant for the treatment (p <0.05) until delivery, showing higher concentrations for supplemented females. Noteworthy the significant difference in the piglets survival during lactation in favor of the supplemented group. At 73.45 ± 1.61 days of the second pregnancy, the fetal weights in the supplemented group (p = 0.0690) was higher compared to the control groupy. Weaned piglets (Chapter III) were evaluated in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, with mother supplementation and piglets supplementation as factors. The weaning weight was significant for the control group, regardless of mothers supplementation (p = 0.0296), however, from 21 to 34 days of age, feed conversion was better for piglets from supplemented mothers (p = 0, 0522). By the end of termination (133 days of age), the treatments did not show significant differences, considering that the weight of controls piglets was heavier at weaning, the animals were equal with respect to final weight. The results open new perspectives for future research regarding the use of L-glutamine and L-glutamic acid supplementation, especially in flushing, in the early and middle thirds of pregnancy, since it can have a positively influence in ovulation rate, homogeneous development and greater fetues weight. Moreover, its effect on piglets development, both in the survival during lactation aspect, as to gut integrity in the post weaning period, also deserve attention, since the interactive approach can provide additives in the production economy. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/15020-1 - Utilization of glutamine in swine females on post-puberty, gestation and lactation phases. |
| Grantee: | Larissa José Parazzi |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |