Contribution of swine confined production in ammonia emissions and greenhouse effect gases through evaluation of continuous and simplified methodologies

Author(s)

César Augusto Pecoraro

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Piracicaba.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC)
• Defense date: 2015-02-04

Examining board members

Késia Oliveira da Silva Miranda; Sergio Oliveira Moraes; Daniella Jorge de Moura

• Advisor: Késia Oliveira da Silva Miranda

Abstract

The environmental impact caused by the livestock activities is increasing the number of researches about it, taking into consideration the pollution effects in the environment. The agricultural activities have a great contribution to ammonia\'s and greenhouse gases\' emissions. Ammonia contributes to eutrophication and acidification of ecosystems. Greenhouse gases (GEE), including CO2, CH4, N2O and vapour of H2O are considered the main responsible gases for the global warming and the climate changes. Nowadays, the pig flash is the most consumed one worldwide and this consume tends to continue increasing in the next years. In order to attend this request, the swine production systems must extend their productive capacity to supply the consumer market. The environmental evaluation of swine production systems has been considered essential to guarantee the sustainability of this sector. Taking into consideration this situation, this research aims at characterizing the ammonia\'s and greenhouse gases\' emissions in one swine production installation in the growth physiological stage and in the terminating stage, basing ourselves in two methodologies: the continuous and the simplified ones. Furthermore, we aim at verifying the obtained results by these two methodologies, through nutrient balance: this one enables to evaluate the data\'s consistency using both methodologies. And finally, we objective to correlate the gas emissions to the temperature (climatic variable). This research was developed in commercial farm in Concórdia - SC. The gas mensuration was accomplished by the two cited methodologies: the continuous and the simplified. The concentrations of gases in the air were measured by the gas analyzer (INNOVA 1412). The average gas emissions were estimated, taking into consideration the ventilation rate and the concentration differences of gases between the interior and exterior part of the installation. The emission flow obtained by the simplified methodology in [g. swine-1. hour-1] was 2,689 to CO2, 0,30 to N2O, 4,39 to CH4, 13,55 to NH3 and 3,273 to water. The emission flow obtained by the continuous methodology in [g. swine-1. hour-1] was 574 to CO2, 0,67 to N2O, 19,50 to CH4, 5,84 to NH3 and 7,239 to water vapor. Comparing theses values to the mass balance, the simplified methodology presented a greater consistency in relation to the obtained data. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/02554-0 - The contribution of the swine confined production in the emission of greenhouse gases (GEE) in Atlantic Forest biome
• Grantee: César Augusto Pecoraro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master