Bioprospection of Solanaceae plants with fungitoxic activity against Moniliophthora perniciosa

Author(s)

Flávio Rocha

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Piracicaba.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC)
• Defense date: 2015-10-06

Examining board members

Simone Possedente de Lira; Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes; Sergio Florentino Pascholati; Sonia Claudia do Nascimento de Queiroz

• Advisor: Simone Possedente de Lira

Abstract

The fungal phytopathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa is the causal agent of Witches\' Broom disease and the main responsible by limiting cacao production in Americas. The current disease control methods are not efficient and new antifungal compounds are necessary to the chemical management. Natural products has contributed to the development of natural product-based pesticides and the Solanaceae plants are known as a promising source of antifungal compounds. In this context, this work aimed to explore the biological and chemical potential of secondary metabolites produced by Solanaceae plants with antifungal activity against M. perniciosa. For this, antifungal activity of water extracts from leaves of ten plants was evaluated against M. perniciosa and the best results were observed by using extracts from Cestrum nocturnum, Solanum seaforthianum e Brunfelsia uniflora. Among these plants, S. seaforthianum and B. uniflora were selected for active compounds isolation due to their promising characteristics. From water extract of S. seaforthianum two furostan saponin fractions were obtained, the mixture (25R)-karatavioside C / (25R)- purpureagitoside, with IC50 of 40,9 &mu;g mL-1, and the mixture (25R)-timosaponin H1/ (25R)-uttroside B, with IC50 of 22,3 &mu;g mL-1 to the mycelial growth. From water extract of B. uniflora three spirostan saponin compounds were obtained, the compound karatavioside A and the compounds partially identified BuM8i4, with aglycone identified as (25R)-yucagenina, and BuM8i6, with aglycone identified as (25R)- diosgenina, all these compounds showed IC50< 15,63 &mu;g mL-1 to the mycelial growth of M. perniciosa. All compounds characterized in this study were obtained for the first time from these plants and also described about their antifungal activity. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/02861-0 - Bioprospection of solanaceous (Solanaceae) with fungitoxic activity against Moniliophthora perniciosa
• Grantee: Flávio Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate