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| Author(s): |
Daniel Honorato Firme
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB) |
| Defense date: | 2016-01-15 |
| Examining board members: |
Elizabeth Hofling;
Herculano Marcos Ferraz de Alvarenga;
Guilherme Renzo Rocha Brito;
Dante Luiz Martins Teixeira
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| Advisor: | Elizabeth Hofling; Marcos André Raposo Ferreira |
| Abstract | |
The genus Celeus encompasses a variable number of species distributed throughout the Neotropics. Regarding its systematic arrangement, few changes have been made since its lastest major review in 1982. As to its phylogenetic relationships, the few proposals available are based on molecular data, lacking a morphological and bioacustic hypothesis. Thus, the goals of this study were to conduct a taxonomic review of the genus Celeus, establish the number of species within it, describe any existing morphological variation in these taxa and propose a hypothesis of relationship among its species through the analysis of morphological characters (plumage, morphometry and osteology) and bioacustics. A total of 1998 study skins, 92 skeletons and 200 sound files were analyzed, testing its applicability in the systematics of the genus, under the perspective of the phylogenetic species concept. A great individual variation in plumage characters in almost all analyzed taxa has been verified. This variation may be seen as the reason that led former authors to describe many of the taxa here considered invalid. Unlike plumage, the vocal characters demonstrated a great stability, varying only between species. The osteological characters also proved its usefulness in the systematics of Celeus, despite its individual variation. Ultimately, C. obrieni, C. subflavus, C. tinnunculus, C. ochraceus and C. multifasciatus, taxa previously treated as subspecies, have been proved to be valid species. The monophyly of Celeus was recovered, as well as the placement of C. galeatus as a member of this genus, agreeing with recent molecular studies, but differing, as already remarked, in the placement of C. galeatus in respect to other species of the genus. Among the twelve strongly supported clades, some corroborate the results of the molecular studies available, such as the sister relationship between C. spectabilis and C. obrieni. The validation of these five taxa and the placement of C. galeatus in the genus, Celeus which now has 16 species (C. galeatus, C. spectabilis, C. obrieni, C. flavus, C. subflavus, C. loricatus, C. torquatus, C. tinnunculus, C. lugubris, C. flavescens, C. ochraceus, C. elegans, C. castaneus C. grammicus, C. undatus and C. multifasciatus), representing an increase of 62.5% in species number according to the latest major revision of the genus. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/00614-6 - Taxonomic review of the genus Celeus Boie, 1831 (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae) |
| Grantee: | Daniel Honorato Firme |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |