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| Author(s): |
Almir Ribeiro da Silva Filho
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Comunicações e Artes (ECA/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2014-02-17 |
| Examining board members: |
Flávio Augusto Desgranges de Carvalho;
Eduardo Tessari Coutinho;
Elisabeth Silva Lopes;
Maria de Fátima de Souza Moretti;
Denise Espirito Santo da Silva
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| Advisor: | Flávio Augusto Desgranges de Carvalho |
| Abstract | |
The Über - marionette is the most celebrated and controversial proposal of Edward Gordon Craig . It begins from an initial premise that sentenced the actor to death, identifying the actor as a hindrance to the development of the theater. At the same time develops positively into pedagogy, although hidden in his writings. We decided to call it \"Pedagogy of the death of the actor\", understanding the paradox contained in this expression as an intellectual characteristic of the Gordon Craig\'s system of thinking. By creating an imagistic representation for his critique to the theater of his time, Craig formulated simultaneously a proposal , in allegorical form , of a revolutionary design for the resizing of theater art as a whole. An innovative pedagogy based on the relationship between the actor and inert material. Much of the longevity of the Über-marionette\'s revolutionary potential is due to the methodical use of some raw materials: The first is an incisive critique of the work of the actor and the theater practice generally. The second one, the language of puppet theater, and its evocative nature of rituality and dialectical properties. The third one, a proposal for a complete reconstruction of the theatrical practice and aesthetics, claiming for a revival of the art of the actor and the emergence of the figure of Theatrical Stage Director. This interface with the East was always present in the thought of Craig and found in Coomaraswamy an important interlocutor who challenged him about his the Über-marionette and his approach on the eastern theater art. The cautious reaction from Craig regarding exchanges between traditions begins the investigations on the theme of intercultural theater and points out its idiosyncrasies. This thesis points out the relationship between the Über-marionette and the icon of the hindu performing arts, the god Shiva Nataraja, and the book that rules the practice of traditional scenic in India, the Natya Shastra. We take as a practical example to try to concretely evaluate this dialogical encounter, the Kathakali theater classic male style from southern India. Then, we analyze the pedagogical tradition for Indian theatrical art (Guru system) which supported Coomaraswamy\'s argument founding his critical to the creation f the Über - marionette. And we evaluate if the Kathakali theater could be seen as an embodiment of Coomaraswamy\'s argument. And if this embodiment answers Craig\'s demand for an actor Über - marionette. Within this analysis, we observe the asian theatre\'s process of formal stylization and codification of its scene and acting. This dialogue between Gordon Craig and Coomaraswamy was the precursor of a complex interface that even today presents its idiosyncrasies and difficult framing . Exemplifying the cyclicality of this issue, we redeemed the clash between Rustom Bharucha, harsh critic of Western attempts to Interculturalism and Richard Schechner , one of the mentors of the approaches between western theater and the traditional theater forms of the East. (AU) | |