Classification of non-stationary data stream with application in sensors for insect identification.

Author(s)

Vinicius Mourão Alves de Souza

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Carlos.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação (ICMC/SB)
• Defense date: 2016-05-23

Examining board members

Gustavo Enrique de Almeida Prado Alves Batista; João Manuel Portela da Gama; Marcela Xavier Ribeiro; Ivan Nunes da Silva; Fernando José von Zuben

• Advisor: Gustavo Enrique de Almeida Prado Alves Batista; João Manuel Portela da Gama

Abstract

Many applications are able to generate data continuously over t ime in an ordered and uninterrupted way in a dynamic environment , called data streams. Among possible tasks that can be performed with these data, classification is one of the most prominent . Due to non-stationarity of the environment that generates the data, the features that describe the concepts of the classes can change over time. Thus, the classifiers that deal with data streams require constants updates in their classification models to maintain a stable accuracy over time. In the update phase, most of the approaches assume that after the classification of each example from the stream, their actual class label is available without any t ime delay (zero latency). Given the high label costs, it is more reasonable to consider that this delay could vary for the most portion of the data. In the more challenging case, there are applications with extreme latency, where in after the classification of the examples, heir actual class labels are never available to the algorithm. In this scenario, it is not possible to use traditional approaches. Thus, there is the need of new methods that are able to maintain a classification model updated in the absence of labeled data. In this thesis, besides to discuss the problem of latency to obtain actual labels in data stream classification problems, neglected by most of the works, we also propose two new algorithms to deal with extreme latency, called SCARGC and MClassification. Both algorithms are based on the use of clustering approaches to adapt to changes in an unsupervised way. The proposed algorithms are intuitive, simpleand showed superior or equivalent results in terms of accuracy and computation time compared to other approaches from literature in an evaluation on synthetic and real data. In addition to the advance in the state-of-the-art in the stream learning area, this thesis also presents contributions to an important technological application with social and public health impacts. Specifically, it was studied an optical sensor to automatically identify insect species by the means of the analysis of information coming from wing beat of insects. To describe the data, we conclude that the Mel-cepst ral coefficients guide to the best results among different evaluated digital signal processing techniques. This sensor is a concrete example of an applicat ion that generates a data st ream for which it is necessary to perform real-time classification. During the classification phase, this sensor must adapt their classification model to possible variat ions in environmental conditions, responsible for changing the behavior of insects. To address this problem, we propose a System with Multiple Classifiers that dynamically selects the most adequate classifier according to characteristics of each test example. In evaluations with minor changes in the environmental conditions, we achieved a classification accuracy close to 90% in a scenario with multiple classes and 95% when identifying Aedes aegypti species considering the training phase with only the positive class. In the scenario with considerable changes in the environmental conditions, we achieved 91% of accuracy considering 5 species and 96% to classify vector mosquitoes of important diseases as dengue and zika virus. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/17698-5 - Classification of non-stationary data stream with application in sensors for insect identification
• Grantee: Vinícius Mourão Alves de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate