Pluripotency factor OCT4A and human medulloblastoma aggressiveness

Author(s)

Patricia Benites Gonçalves da Silva

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB)
• Defense date: 2016-11-28

Examining board members

Oswaldo Keith Okamoto; Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi; Carlos Alberto Scrideli; Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo

• Advisor: Oswaldo Keith Okamoto

Abstract

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in infants. The expression of typical pluripotency genes is correlated with poor prognosis in medulloblastoma and POU5F1 expression was shown capable of discriminating patients with poor survival outcome. Despite this prognostic value, direct evidences of OCT4 contribution to more aggressive traits in medulloblastoma are missing. In this context, we investigated the role of OCT4A isoform on pro-tumorigenic features of medulloblastoma in vitro and in vivo and evaluated molecular alterations that could be responsible for acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype in medulloblastoma cells. Retroviral-mediated overexpression of OCT4A were performed in three medulloblastoma cell lines (Daoy, D283Med and USP-13-Med). Medulloblastoma cells overexpressing OCT4A displayed enhanced cell proliferation and cell cycle alterations. Increased clonogenic activity, tumorsphere generation capability and subcutaneous tumor development were also observed, and these effects were OCT4A expression level-dependent. Evaluation of cell mobility in vitro showed loss of cell adhesion and greater 3D-spheroid invasion. In an orthotopic model of medulloblastoma, OCT4A overexpressing cells generated more developed, aggressive, infiltrative and metastatic tumors. OCT4A overexpression was associated with chromosomal instability but copy number aberrations varied in frequency and type according to the cell line, with little association with differently expressed genes. Interestingly, marked differential expression of non-coding RNAs, including newly discovered, still poorly characterized, long non-coding RNAs and multiple small nucleolar RNAs were observed in medulloblastoma cells with OCT4A overexpression. Altogether, our findings support the relevance of pluripotency-related factors in the aggravation of medulloblastoma traits classically associated with poor clinical outcome, and underscore the prognostic and therapeutic value of OCT4A in this challenging type of pediatric brain cancer (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/17566-7 - Pluripotency factor OCT4A and aggressiveness of human medulloblastoma
• Grantee: Patrícia Benites Gonçalves da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)