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| Author(s): |
Fabiana Hibary Kato Belini
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2017-01-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Ricardo Antunes de Azevedo;
Gerhard Bandel;
Patricia Bulbovas;
Helaine Carrer;
Marcio José da Silva
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| Advisor: | Ricardo Antunes de Azevedo |
| Abstract | |
The increase of soil contamination by heavy metals, especially cadmium (Cd), associated with the importance of cereals, which are the major source of protein in the underdeveloped and some developing countries, are important aspects that gave rise to the idea for this study which tries to analyze the metabolism of the essential amino acid lysine in maize (Zea mays), submitted to the contamination by Cd. Several tests were carried out to evaluate the activity of the main enzymes of the antioxidant system, the amount of total soluble amino acids and the activity of enzymes of lysine metabolism. The results were presented two chapters. Chapter 1 reports the biochemical characterization of the maize plants (a line with higher levels of lysine, L161) submitted to stress by Cd analyzing the metal quantification in different plant tissues, analysis of the main enzymes of the antioxidant system, quantification of reserve proteins and total soluble amino acids, in addition to the analysis of the main enzymes of lysine pathway The results showed that these parameters did not differ significantly between contaminated plants and those of the control. In Chapter 2 the main enzymes of lysine metabolism were analyzed in a commercial variety of maize (AL Avaré). Overall, the results showed that Cd induced slight changes in the activities of some enzymes of lysine pathway. In addition, differences were observed between the two genotypes, both in the specific activities of enzymes and on quantification of soluble amino acids. In addition to the two chapters, two complementary studies were included, which provided additional analyzes to the main study. Complementary study 1 presents the results of a study with maize seedlings of different genotypes, one with higher lysine (opaque2) and others for high efficiency in nitrogen use (EUN) and low EUN. Lipid peroxidation results and the amount of total soluble amino acids showed differences between the genotypes and the Cd concentrations used. Complementary study 2 presents some non-denaturing antioxidant enzyme data from coleoptiles and immature embryo rootlets (without the presence of endosperm) and germinated in the presence of Cd. These data showed a clear antioxidant response. In addition, some cells from germinated maize seedlings were analyzed in presence of Cd in order to evaluate the damage of the metal on the DNA. In summary, the results obtained in this study helped us to understand a little more about the effect of Cd on the physiological and biochemical processes of the plants analyzed. However, these data can be considered the starting point for more detailed studies. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/23981-4 - Analysis of possible changes in the lysine metabolism induced by cadmium in maize (Zea mays) |
| Grantee: | Fabiana Hibary Kato Belini |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |