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| Author(s): |
Silvia Cristina Lopes Pinheiro
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Química |
| Defense date: | 2010-12-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Ivo Milton Raimundo Júnior;
Orlando Fatibello Filho;
Fábio Rodrigo Piovezani Rocha;
Solange Cadore;
Italo Odone Mazali
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| Advisor: | Ivo Milton Raimundo Júnior; María Cruz Moreno Bondi |
| Abstract | |
This thesis is aimed at developing fluorimetric sensors employing luminescent reagents ZOX (2-pyridin-2-yl-benzooxazole), [Ru(s2d)2(bim)](Ru complex, where s2d: 1,10-phenanthroline-4,7-diyl)bis(benzenesulfonate) and bim: 2,2¿-biimidazole), bpySOH (4-[2-(4¿-methyl-[2,2¿]bipyridinil-4-yl)-vinyl]-phenol) and bpySOMA (2-methylene-butyric acid 4-[2-4¿-methyl-[2,2¿]bipyridinyl-4-yl)-vinyl]-phenyl ester) for the simultaneous determination of heavy metals in waters. The fluorophores ZOX and [Ru(s2d)2(bim)] did not provide satisfactory results, being leached out from the matrix in which they were immobilized. On the other hand, bpySOH and its derivative bpySOMA provided good results in solution as well as after immobilization. Spectrophotometric studies of bpySOH in solution showed stoichiometries ligand:metal of 1:1 for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) while 2:1 ratio was obtained for Cu(II) and Hg(II). Stability constants calculated from spectrophotometric data indicated that Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes are the most stable. In addition, it was observed that Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) quench the fluorescence of the ligand, while Hg(II) and Cd(II) enhance this property. Lifetime studies demonstrated a static mechanism of quenching of fluorescence for all complexes. The ligand was immobilized in a sol-gel matrix (obtained from TMOS precursor), which presented reversible response for Cu(II), Hg(II) and Zn(II). The response range for the metal ions was 2.50¿30.0 mmol L. Simultaneous determinations of mixtures containing 2 or 3 ions were performed using the Partial Least Square method. Multivariate calibration models showed satisfactory prediction results, with RMSEP values lower than 3.00 mmol L. The derivative ligand bpySOMA showed similar results in terms of complexation stoichiometries and stability constant values. It was immobilized as a molecularly imprinted polymer selective to Cu(II), confirmed by the response of the non-imprinted polymer for Cd(II), Hg(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions. A response range of 0.1¿6.0 mmol Lwas obtained. The sensor was applied to the determination of Cu(II) in tap water and the results agreed with those obtained by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. (AU) | |