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| Author(s): |
Rodrigo Aparecido Jordan
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola |
| Defense date: | 2005-09-16 |
| Examining board members: |
Luís Augusto Barbosa Cortez;
Jorge de Lucas Junior;
José Luiz Pereira Brittes;
Silvia Azucena Nebra;
Vivaldo Silveira Júnior
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| Advisor: | Luís Augusto Barbosa Cortez |
| Abstract | |
The generation of thermal energy is of great importance in the dairy industry for its conservation and quality of the milk. As the electric energy is the main source used for generation of thermal energy, the dairy industries faces now, two problems: one related at the cost of the electric energy, elevating the production cost; the other, related with the distance of the rural properties to the electricity gird, limiting the use of refrigeration systems. Due to the low quality of the rural electric energy, with great tension oscillations, it is frequent, in dairy farm, premature refrigeration equipment of refrigeration damage. In this case, besides the damage with the equipment, the producer still has the loss associated with the production. In the production milk type " A", besides the need of the generation of " cold " effect, is also necessary, the production of hot water (around 50 ºC to 60 ºC) for cleaning of the facilities and processing equipments. In general electric heating is conducted with resistances, increasing the loss and the bill paid by the producers. The electric heaters are of great power and high consumption. Due to the present problem and the need to look for economics alternatives, a water-to-water heat pump was developed for simultaneous production of ice or water frozen for cooling of the milk and hot water for cleaning and disinfection of the facilities and equipment. For operation of the developed heat pump a gas converted engine motor was used, allowing the use of the biogas produced by cow manure biodigestion, this provides a low cost source of rewable energy, besides the adequate treatment of the animal wastes and the production of bio-fertilizer of great quality. Three prototypes were assembled, two were installed in the laboratory and one in the field, for tests with biogas. The obtained results showed a potential of economy of the order of 92% when compared the refrigeration equipment and the electric heater. When compared with electric energy, the potential of economy of the heat pump still was in the order of 65% (AU) | |