Chemical and biological determination of pollution burden in lagoon from the Parintins municipality in state of Amazon

Author(s)

Solenise Pinto Rodrigues Kimura

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia Química
• Defense date: 2014-11-12

Examining board members

Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira; Marcelino Luiz Gimenes; Ana Paula Brescancini Rabelo; Wanilson Luiz Silva; Edson Tomaz

• Advisor: Domitila Pascoaloto; Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira

Abstract

Water resources are dynamic systems that are part of the survival of all living beings cycle; its preservation is required by quality control of its waters. The lagoon's volume of water depends on the month. In this work our goal is identify and assess the causes of changes in water quality and sediments of the Lagoa da Francesa (Parintins / AM), involving the recognition of local features that may be related to pollution sources responsible for pollution of the water body in comparing the key parameters of water quality to environmental legal limits. Then, water and sediment samples were taken at nine different points in the extension of the pond during the months of March, July and September 2012 and 2013, the period between the low and high levels, respectively (period of seasonal water level of the pond which is influenced by the regime hydrology of the Amazon river). For water samples we analyzed physico-chemical and biological parameters: temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, BOD (Biochemical oxygen Demand), COD (chemical Oxygen Demand), TOC (total organic carbon) , chlorophyll a, total and fecal coliform, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphorus and total nitrogen, phosphate, heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cr), the total and dissolved manganese and iron elements. The values obtained were compared with years in order to identify and evaluate the variables that affect water quality, considering the variation of the hydrological regime, taking as reference standard legal values established by CONAMA Resolution 357/05 for Class 2 water. For sediment samples we evaluated the following parameters: particle size, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter and metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cr), in addition to iron and manganese, and we purchased with the legal limits established by CONAMA Resolution 344 / 04. The results indicate that anthropogenic sources is evidenced by the parameters total phosphorus, nitrogen, low values of dissolved oxygen and BOD, electrical conductivity and high values of total and fecal coliforms in the lagoon area of French, as well as the presence of heavy metals in water and in sediment. This condition is more pronounced in low water period indicating that the hydrological regime directly influences the quality of the pond water. In July (during high water level), the pond showed the capacity of dilution for some parameters, which was evidenced by the reduction of their concentrations. Macrophytes were identified during the study, as a possible biological indicator of water quality. Species Eichhornia crassipee and Paspalun repens had higher prevalence and are seen as good bioadsorbents of heavy metals. The study showed that despite the anthropogenic contribution, the lagoon still maintains its ability to dilute constituents for most pollutants, especially during larger volume of water (flooding). However, there is a need for adopting preventive measures in the short term, due to the possible population growth and demands for their products and associated services (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/11981-7 - Determination of chemical and biological pollution load in the Francesa Lake in Parintins/AM.
• Grantee: Solenise Pinto Rodrigues Kimura
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate