Full text
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| Author(s): |
Beatriz Temer
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia |
| Defense date: | 2014-02-18 |
| Examining board members: |
Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães Pereira;
Rosana Goldbeck;
Jörg Kobarg
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| Advisor: | Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães Pereira |
| Abstract | |
One of the main challenges to be overcome to enable the production of lignocellulosic ethanol is the development of a microorganism capable of fermenting pentoses and hexoses efficiently. Currently the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the main microorganism used in industrial fermentations due to its high efficiency in glucose uptake and tolerance to high concentrations of ethanol; however, it is not able to consume pentoses naturally. Thus the heterologous expression of genes that allow the pentose consumption in S. cerevisiae is an interesting approach that has been developed by several research groups. Xylose is the main component in lignocellulosic biomass, and is consumed by organisms through two main pathways, the xylose isomerase (XI) pathway and the oxy-reductive pathway. The bacterium Propionibacterium acidipropionici is industrially interesting for its production of propionic acid, and was studied in this work with respect to its ability to consume xylose. Fermentation assays conducted proved that these bacteria can consume xylose in the same proportion as glucose. The analysis of genomic data from P. acidipropionici indicated that the XI pathway is used to ferment xylose, in this manner the xylA gene encoding this species XI was expressed in an industrial strain of S. cerevisiae. After conducting fermentation tests it was found that the strain developed was not able to consume xylose even though the XI gene was expressed in the yeast. Moreover, it was not possible to detect enzymatic activity of XI, indicating that the protein is probably not being synthesized or it is not functional. Over 36 XIs from different organisms have been expressed in S. cerevisiae, among these only 12 were functionally expressed. The causes of non-functionality in most attempts at heterologous expression of the XIs are unknown, however, some studies claim that this event may be related to the absence of chaperones, which assist the correct folding of proteins. Thus the expression of genes that encode specific chaperone is a promising strategy to obtain functional expression of these XIs (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/05827-8 - Characterization of the xylose isomerase from Propionibacterium acidipropionici and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for lignocellulosic ethanol production |
| Grantee: | Beatriz Temer |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |