Full text
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| Author(s): |
Saulo Augusto Quassi de Castro
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2017-06-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Rafael Otto;
Edmilson José Ambrosano;
Maurício Roberto Cherubin;
Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin
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| Advisor: | Rafael Otto |
| Abstract | |
Brazil is the country that has the greatest increase potential in ethanol production, which may be achieved through a rise in the sugarcane yield or from the use of the plant residue\'s waste to produce second generation ethanol. The recovery of the nitrogen from the fertilizer by the plant (NPR-fertilizer) is low when questioning the importance of this in the new sugarcane system (green cane trash blanket) associated with crop rotation. In this case, there are a lot of questions about the possibility of reducing the fertilizer-N rate and about the straw removal from the field in the current management system of sugarcane. Field experiments have been developed with the following aims: to evaluate the NPR-fertilizer, the nitrogen dynamic and the response of the second sugarcane ratoon to the fertilizer-N rates; as well as to evaluate the NPR-fertilizer, the fertilizer-N immobilization in soil (NSR) and straw (NStR), and the productive parameters of sugarcane over the cycle in the same ammonium nitrate rate with partial or total removal or total maintenance of straw in the area with and without planting Crotalaria spectabilis under a no-till system. The planting of sunn hemp in the sugarcane\'s renewal presented little influence in the second sugarcane ratoon under the no-tillage system. In the productive and technological parameters there was no change in sugar and stalk production, NPR-fertilizer increased when associated with total removal of straw, there was no interference in the N-fertilizer immobilization in straw and it decreased the fertilizer-N immobilization in soil at the end of the cycle. The quantities of the straw left on the soil also did not change the technological attributes, however the maintenance of plant residue favored stalk yield. The NPR-fertilizer in the beginning of the sugarcane regrowth was benefited by the straw presence in both areas which did not remain until the harvest due to weather conditions and to the no-till system benefits. The results indicated that the fertilizer-N rate can be reduced in order to increase the NPR-fertilizer without influence of the crop rotation in this parameter and that the straw provides several benefits to the crop such as an increase of NPR-fertilizer in the beginning regrowth of the second sugarcane ratoon, making the straw removal infeasible. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/25151-7 - Nitrogen fertilizer in sugarcane due to crop rotation, straw removal and nitrogen rates |
| Grantee: | Saulo Augusto Quassi de Castro |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |