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| Author(s): |
Nelci Antunes de Moura
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Botucatu. 2016-05-23. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Biociências. Botucatu |
| Defense date: | 2015-12-18 |
| Advisor: | Luís Fernando Barbisan |
| Abstract | |
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Hemin iron, which is found in red meat, catalyzes the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds and lipid peroxidation end-products in the colon lumen. The procarcinogenic effect of hemin is known to be inhibited by molecules, such as calcium, chlorophyll and others. However, the preventive effect of indole 3-carbinol and synbiotics on colon carcinogenesis remains uninvestigated. The aim of this study was to assess the modifying effects of a synbiotic (inulin+ Bifidobacterium lactis) and/or I3C against dimethylhidrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in hemin-fed male Wistar rats. Nine groups of animals were evaluated. Groups 1–8 received a total of four s.c. DMH injections (40 mg/kg b.w.) over 2 weeks, whereas group 9 was given EDTA solution (vehicle). Two weeks after DMH-initiation, G1 and G9 were fed a basal diet while groups G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 and G8 received a basal diet containing hemin, hemin+I3C, hemin+synbiotic, hemin+I3C+synbiotic, I3C, synbiotic and I3C+synbiotic, respectively, during 23 weeks. At 25 week, all animals were killed and their colons were removed. Cecal contents were collected to determine fecal water cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (DNA damage) in Caco-2 cells. Colon tumors were measured and samples were collected and stored at -800C. The colons were fixed flat in 10% buffered formalin for 24 h and stained with 1.0% methylene blue for classical ACF analysis and quantification. Tumor incidence and multiplicity were assessed after histopathological analysis. Gene and protein expression were determined in tumor samples alone. The total number of aberrant crypts (AC) was significantly higher (p= 0.03) in the hemin group (G2) than in the group fed basal diet (G1). AC number in both hemin+I3C (G3) and hemin+synbiotic (G4) groups was also significantly lower than in the group fed hemin (G2). Tumor volume was higher in the hemin+I3C+ synbiotic (G5) group and invasive adenocarcinoma was more frequent in the hemin+I3C+synbiotic group (G5) than in the group fed hemin (G2). Colon tumor expression analysis showed that in comparison with the group fed hemin (G2), Cdh1, Tgfb1 and Appl1 were downregulated while Raf1 was upregulated in the group hemin+I3C+synbiotic (G5), and Cdh1 was down-regulated in the group hemin+I3C (G3). Fecal water cytotoxicity in the hemin group (G2) was higher than in groups fed basal diet (G1) and hemin+I3C (G3). Fecal water genotoxicity was also significantly higher in the group fed hemin alone (G2) than in the basal diet group (G1), as well as, in groups fed hemin+I3C (G3) and hemin+synbiotics (G4). However, when compared to hemin alone (G2), fecal water from group hemin+I3C+ synbiotics (G5) presented the highest DNA damage levels. Our results suggest that although hemin in a regular-calcium diet was not a powerful ACF promoter, it increased fecal water citotoxicity and genotoxicity. On the other hand, hemin associated with either I3C or synbiotics prevented ACF promotion. Nonetheless, a synergistic interaction among hemin, I3C and synbiotic did promote DMH-induced tumorigenesis. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/23699-4 - Effects of symbiotic and indole-3-carbinol intake on colon carcinogenesis process in Wistar rats fed a diet containing heme. |
| Grantee: | Nelci Antunes de Moura |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |