Investigation of the effects of IGF1R-IRS1/2 pharmacological inhibition on the phenotype of BCR-ABL1+ leukemic cells

Author(s)

Renata Scopim Ribeiro

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2017-09-19

Examining board members

Fabíola Traina; José Barreto Campello Carvalheira; Fernando Chahud; Vitor Marcel Faça; Katia Borgia Barbosa Pagnano

• Advisor: Fabíola Traina

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy associated with the tyrosine kinase activity of the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein. Most cases of CML are successfully treated with BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but a significant percentage of patients develop resistance. Recent studies indicate that leukemic stem cell is resistant to imatinib treatment. The identification of other proteins that cooperate with the BCR-ABL1 signaling pathway may indicate novel therapeutic targets. Insulin receptor substrates (IRS) have emerged as important proteins in the pathophysiology of solid and hematological neoplasms. A pharmacological inhibitor of IGF1R-IRS1/2, NT157, has been developed and shown promising results in preclinical studies with solid tumors. The constitutive association of IRS1 with BCR-ABL1, and the antineoplastic effects resulting from IRS1-specific silencing in K562 BCR-ABL1+ cells, support the hypothesis of this work. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of pharmacological inhibition of IGF1R-IRS1/2 on the phenotype of BCR-ABL1+ leukemia cells, using primary cells, K562 cell line and murine models. IRS1, but not IRS2, was downregulated in bone marrow samples from CML patients compared to bone marrow cells from healthy donors (p<0.0001). NT157 reduced colony formation of primary cells from CML patients but not from healthy donors. In K562 cells, treatment with the pharmacological inhibitor IGF1R-IRS1/2, NT157, reduced cell viability and proliferation, induced apoptosis (p<0.05), inhibited the phosphorylation of IGF1R, STAT3, STAT5, 4EBP1, P70S6K and ERK1/2, increased expression of tumor suppressor genes CDKN1A, FOS and JUN, and reduced expression of oncogenes MYC and BCL2 (p<0.05); IRS1 silencing mediated by lentivirus, but not IRS2, reduced cell viability (p<0.05). In murine Ba/F3 BCRABL1 and Ba/F3 BCR-ABL1T315I cells, the pharmacological inhibitor of IGF1R-IRS1/2, NT157, induced apoptosis and reduced ERK1/2 activation in vitro. At 50mg/kg/day, NT157 intraperitoneally and/or imatinib orally, failed to reduce tumor burden in vivo in an allographic tumor model induced by Ba/F3 BCR-ABL1 and Ba/F3 BCR-ABL1T315I cells . In an animal leukemia model induced by transplantation of BCR-ABL1-transduced hematopoietic cells : (i) treatment with NT157 100mg/kg intraperitoneally, 3 times per week, combined with imatinib 100mg/kg/day per gavage, significantly reduced spleen weight, and prevented weight loss compared to vehicle (p<0.05); only imatinib monotherapy prolonged survival (p<0.05), (ii) treatment with NT157 70 mg/kg intraperitoneally, 3 times per week, and/or imatinib 70 mg/kg/day per gavage had no impact on spleen weight and body weight; treatment with imatinib alone or combined with NT157 prolonged survival (p<0.05). In conclusion, the pharmacological inhibitor of IGF1R-IRS1/2 represents a potential effective drug in CML therapy, especially in cases of resistant BCR-ABL1 T315I mutation. The evaluation of the NT157 pharmacological efficacy in CML animal models requires adjustments in the murine models used in the present study, better understanding of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the compound and adjustments in the therapeutic scheme used. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/06037-6 - Investigation of IRS1/IRS2 silencing effects on the phenotype of CD34+ normal primary hematopoietic cells and BCR-ABL+ leukemic cells
• Grantee: Renata Scopim Ribeiro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate