Control of immunosuppression as strategy to enhance the effects of a DNA vaccine against tumors induced by HPV-16.

Author(s)

Jamile Ramos da Silva

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2016-09-15

Examining board members

Luis Carlos de Souza Ferreira; Enrique Mario Boccardo Pierulivo; Paula Ordonhez Rigato; Daniela Santoro Rosa

• Advisor: Luis Carlos de Souza Ferreira

Abstract

Cervical cancer represents the third cause of cancer death among women, which is associated with persistent Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection in more than 99% of cases. Solid evidences show that the expansion of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) and soluble factors, such as IL-10, are important mediators of immune evasion mechanisms expressed by tumor cells, that limits the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches. Given the epidemiological importance of HPVinduced tumors and the crucial importance of developing active immunotherapies against neoplasias, during the past 12 years, we have been developing a DNA-based therapeutic vaccine strategy encoding the HPV-16 E7 protein fused to the Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD), named pgDE7h. This work aimed to investigate the potential role of immunossupression restriction using a plasmid encoding the soluble IL-10 receptor (pIL10R) and the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine to enhance in enhancing the pgDE7h vaccine potency in the control of tumors expressing HPV-16 E6 and E7 proteins in a murine model (TC-1 cells). It was possible to observe a tumor growth delay after combining the vaccine with pIL-10R. Additionally, the use of electroporation as a plasmid delivery method provided a therapeutic protection of 90% and 60% when the animals were immunized 5 or 14 days after challenge, respectively. The combination of plasmids was also capable to increase substantially the numbers of activatedE7-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes both systemically and at the tumor site. When pgDE7h immunization was combined to chemotherapy, we observed a synergistic effect, which increased the antitumor protection from 20% to 100% and promoted the control of immunosuppressive cell populations in the spleen. It was possible to maintain the high antitumour protective effects of the chemo-immunotherapy when the animals were immunized 14 days after tumor cell challenge and tumor relapses after subsequent challenges with tumor cells. To search a vaccine protocol with greater applicability in a clinical setting, we combined co-administration of pgDE7h and pIL-10R and gemcitabine treatment. Our data showed that the combined treatment induced a robust increase in the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and a complete regression of pre-established tumors. All together, these results show that the combination of therapeutic approaches can overcome immunological barriers present in the tumor environment and increase the chances of clinical success of the propose therapeutic treatment. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/11073-1 - Co-expression of IL-10 receptor as a strategy to enhance the effects of a DNA vaccine focused on the control of tumors induced by HPV-16
• Grantee: Jamile Ramos da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master