Science and unconcealment: Physics in Martin Heidegger's thought (1925-1929)

Author(s)

Luciano Campos dos Santos

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
• Defense date: 2017-03-29

Examining board members

Zeljko Loparic; Alexandre de Oliveira Ferreira; Antonio Augusto Passos Videira; Daniel Omar Perez; Robson Ramos dos Reis

• Advisor: Zeljko Loparic

Abstract

This dissertation's general theme is Heidegger's so called philosophy of Science. In particular, one aims to interpret Heidegger's approach to mathematical Physics within the frame of his Fundamental Ontology Project, especially worked out in Being and Time, but also in texts orbiting around it. In a first moment, one examines Heidegger's proposition concerning the grounding of factual sciences by means of the elaboration of regional ontologies, and one discusses the foundationalist character of such proposition. Thereupon, one evaluates Being and Time's allusion to Kant's Transcendental Analytic as regional ontology of nature, departing from a reconstruction of Heidegger's comprehension of the relations between Kant's theoretical philosophy and the grounding of Physics, exposed to greater extent in the lecture course on Logik: Die Frage nach der Wahrheit, and, indirectly, in his Kantbuch. Departing from the existential concept of Science found in Being and Time's paragraph 69b: one discusses Gethmann's interpretation concerning to the origin of scientific behavior and to the relationship between ontological genesis of science and modification of the understanding of being; one defines the role played by Physics in the exposure of the existential concept of Science; one searches to restore (against the thesis of Gordon, Rouse and Ginev) the importance and pertinence of the notion of deworlding of the world, clarifying the meaning, the extent, and the place of such a notion within the existential conception of science and defending its exclusive und insuppressible binding to the mathematical project of nature, that is, to the physical-mathematical thematization; furthermore, one elucidates therewith the basic moments of the thematization operated by Physics, namely: "the articulation of the understanding of being", "the delimitation of an area of subject-matter", and "the sketching-out of the appropriate way of conceiving". Lastly, one presents and problematizes Heidegger's interpretation of Newton's Laws as assertions which make entity accessible "in itself"; one contrasts Heidegger's and Kuhn's conceptions concerning scientific crisis and revolution, by raising na hypothesis relating to how Heidegger comprehends the relations between Newton's Physics and Einstein's Theory of Relativity, departing therein from the brief mentions to both physical projects found in the works analyzed within this dissertation's scope; Heidegger's scientific realism, subjacent to his approach of both Newton's and Einstein's Physics, is laid out and the compatibility problem between the robust scientific realism assumed by Heidegger and the transcendental character of his ontological-existential philosophy is thus indicated (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/09379-7 - Science and unhiddenness: the physics at the thought of Martin Heidegger
• Grantee: Luciano Campos dos Santos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate