Comparison of the effects of mesenchymal stem cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and from healthy donnors on a coculture assay with leukemic blasts

Author(s)

Mariane Cristina do Nascimento

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2018-12-12

Examining board members

Eduardo Magalhães Rego; Fernando Chahud; João Agostinho Machado Neto; Celso Arrais Rodrigues da Silva

• Advisor: Eduardo Magalhães Rego

Abstract

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) comprise a population of multipotent cells with immunoregulatory properties and the capability of secreting growth factors, playing a key role in the regulation of hematopoiesis. In light of these properties, some studies provide analysis of the relations established between normal hematopoietic stem-cells (HSCs) and MSCs when exposed to coculture. Jing et al. (Haematologica, 2010) demonstrate in these kind of coculture arrangements the generation of three distinct cells populations: non-adherent cells (supernatant), phasebright cells (adhered to the surface of MSCs) and phase-dim cells (beneath the MSCs). Furthermore, recent data pointed to the association of disease progression in AML with the evidence of functional mitochondria (mt), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) transference from MSCs to the blasts cells. It is theorized as a mechanism of MSCs in order to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nevertheless, the differential performances in these transference process among normal and leukemic-MSCs in coculture systems in each of those distinct cells populations were not established. AML cells (CD45+) have an increase of almost 2.5-fold in proliferation in all of 03 populations after coculture with leukemic-MSCs but not after coculture with a normalMSCs. The CD45+ cells in phase-bright/dim have a low proliferation rate in coculture with normal-MSCs compared with the leukemic cells. In 5d, the leukemic-MSCs (CD73+) increase 20-fold the mitotracker staining compared with 3d, implying that AML blasts stimulate MSCs to produce more mt, albeit the normal-MSCs present the same mitotracker levels in 3/5d. Additionally, the mtROS levels decrease by 10-fold in 5d compared with 3d in leukemic, but not in normal-MSCs, suggesting mt mediated recover in leukemic-MSCs after coculture. Finally, total ROS decrease 2-fold in CD45+ cells after coculture with leukemic-MSCs for 5d, but not in normal counterpart. In essence, these findings suggest different mechanisms of mitochondrial donation from MSCs to AML blats. Moreover, the study provides an important step in the understanding of the complex nature of tumor metabolism, not only in the malignant cell, but also within the microenvironment which supports it. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/17521-1 - Analysis of bone morrow mesenchymal cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and from healthy subjects in an assay of coculture with leukemic blats
• Grantee: Mariane Cristina Do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master