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Evolution in Cycloramphidae: diversity and speciation in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest

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Author(s):
Fábio Perin de Sá
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: Rio Claro. 2019-12-19.
Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Biociências. Rio Claro
Defense date:
Advisor: Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad; Kelly Raquel Zamudio
Abstract

Natural and sexual selection forces act on individuals and may lead to reproductive isolation. The increase in evolutionary modifications may lead to the emergence of new entities. Species is the basal unity in biology; thus, with its exuberant biodiversity, the Atlantic rainforest is a fundamental Neotropical forest for studies of evolutionary processes in anuran amphibians. Comprising the genera Cycloramphus, Thoropa, and Zachaenus, the family Cycloramphidae gathers saxicolous and terrestrial anuran species, all endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. Because of their specialized life and reproductive habits, cycloramphids are an attractive group for evolutionary studies. In the present thesis we show four chapters that address three distinct scales of evolution: the diversification among species, populations, and individuals. We goaled: (1) the multilocus molecular phylogeny of Cycloramphus-Zachaenus, demonstrating that the evolution of terrestriality in the clade is correlated with the sexual size dimorphism; (2) the phenotypic diversification associated with the genetic diversifications in populations of C. boraceiensis and C. dubius, demonstrating that these two saxicolous sister species show a contact zone and hybridization; (3) the promiscuous mating system and the social relations in C. boraceiensis, demonstrating that female and male sizes, and mate relatedness influence pair formation; and (4) the polygynic mating system with fidelity in the saxicolous species Thoropa taophora, extending the haremic system for all tetrapods. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 14/24972-4 - Evolutionary processes in Cycloramphus (Anura, Cycloramphidae): speciation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Grantee:Fábio Perin de Sá
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate