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| Author(s): |
Marcelo Luís Lombardi Martinez
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2008-12-04 |
| Examining board members: |
Ana Lilia Alzate Marin;
Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas;
Eddy José Francisco de Oliveira
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| Advisor: | Ana Lilia Alzate Marin |
| Abstract | |
The State of Sao Paulo, originally covered with semideciduous forests and Brazilian savannah (Cerrado), is nowadays almost completely covered with different cultures or pastures. Therefore only some small forests and Brazilian savannah fragments remain, pointing to a drastic loss of the rich forest genetic patrimony. The Region of Ribeirão Preto is one of the most devastated areas within the State of Sao Paulo. Especially areas that are located next to water sources and sugar cane plantations are affected. The original forests have nearly totally been fragmented and their actual extension has been reduced to about 2% of the original zone. The USP Forest Project has been implanted at the Sao Paulo University in Ribeirao Preto given the urgency to rescue the native forest species of the regional flora. There are 30 ha of heterogeneous reforestation and 45 ha that belong to the Germplasm Bank (BG-USP/RP). Tabebuia roseo-alba (White Tabebuia tree; Bignoniaceae) is one of the 44 species conserved at this Bank due to the fact that it is nowadays rarely encountered in the natural environment. There is na exigence of studies that aim at the agreement of its genetic diversity in the forest remnants and at the BG-USP/RP for the correct adoption of management and conservation strategies. Microsatellite markers are unquestionably indicated for this type of study because of their high information content, analytical robustness, transferability and easiness of genetic data attainment via PCR. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of mother trees and their progeny individuals of T. roseo-alba and verify the maternity of these progeny individuals conserved at the BG-USP/RP, using 10 primer pairs SSR transferred from Tabebuia aurea. DNA was extracted from fresh leaves of all samples, the amplification and electrophoresis conditions were standardized and the polyacrilamyde gels stained with silver nitrate. Genetic parameters were estimated using the programs GDA 1.0, FSTAT 2.9.3, Cervus 3.0 and Structure 2.2.3. There was a 90% success in the amplification of the microsatellite regions for 10 loci SSR, but 8 loci SSR had been used in this study. These loci are in linkage equilibrium and presented an average PIC value highly informative (0.745). A high allelic richness was observed for the mother trees (85 alleles) and the progeny individuals at the Bank (96 alleles) and also a high genetic diversity (0.746 e 0.775, respectively), being that the Ho average was smaller than the He average, evidencing a heterozigote deficit. The fixation index for the mother trees of T. roseo-alba was high (Fis =0.638) and significantly different from zero (P < 0.05)), suggesting the performance of some factor that caused endogamy such as crossings between related individuals, self-fertilization, the Wahlund effect and the null alleles presence segregating in these loci. Additionally, the progeny individuals also presented a high Fis value (0.696), indicating that the T. roseo-alba mating system might be the main factor for the high endogamy coefficient. The joint analysis of these loci in the mother trees and progeny individuals presented high paternity exclusion probabilities, confirming that this loci battery has a high potential for paternity/maternity analysis studies in T. roseo-alba. Maternity analyses showed that only 62 % of the T. roseo-alba progeny individuals at the BG-USP/RP have their maternal origin identified. The supplying with T. roseo-alba seeds for reforestation programs will not be endangered because 95.3 % of the mother tree alleles have been transferred to the progeny individuals at the BG-USP/RP, contributing to the ex situ conservation of this important forest species. (AU) | |