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| Author(s): |
Jorge Anderson Guimarães
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2003-01-22 |
| Advisor: | Roberto Antonio Zucchi |
| Abstract | |
Eucoilinae are koinobiont endoparasitoids of larva-pupal of dipterous Cyclorrapha. Several species have been associated to frugivorous fly larvae (Tephritidae, Lonchaeidae and Drosophilidae ). Based on taxonomical studies, it was clarified that Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brethes) and Aganaspis nordlanderi Wharton (neotropical species) do not belong to genus Aganaspis, but to genera Ganaspis Forster and Trybliographa Fõrster, respectively. Tropideucoila weldi Costa Lima is junior synonym of Dettmeria weldi (Costa Lima), Lopheucoila truncicola Weld is junior synonym of Lopheucoila anastrephae (Rhower) and Odontosema anastrephae Borgmeier is junior synonym of Odontosema albinerve Kieffer. It was examined 4.602 eucoiline specimens of 13 States from all Brazilian regions. It was identified six species: Dicerataspis grenadensis Ashmead, Ganaspis pelleranoi (Brethes), Leptopilina boulardi (Barbotin, Carton & Kelner-Pillaut), Lopheucoila anastrephae (Rhower), Odontosema albinerve Kieffer and Trybliographa infuscata Gallardo, Diaz & Uchôa. A key to identify these species was elaborated. The most common species were G. pelleranoi (34,20% ), L. boulardi (24, 16%) and D. grenadensis (16, 71 %). It was not possible to associate any Eucoilinae spec1es to fruit fly species (Tephritidae), due to collecting methodology. The parasitoids were obtained from frugivorous larvae in 36 species of fruits belonging to 14 families. Fruits of Myrtaceae and Anacardiaceae were the most attractive ones for Eucoilinae species. By using a four-arms olfactometer, it was verified that G. pelleranoi is more attracted by volatile of fruits with larvae than fruits without larvae. This species does not distinguish volatile emitted by fruits infested with native host larvae (Anastrepha spp.) from those infested by exotic larvae (C. capitata). Also it is unable to recognize the volatile emitted by fruits infested with mature larvae from the volatile of fruits infested with young larvae. It was also verified that D. grenadensis is more attracted for volatile emitted by rotten fruits with Drosophilidae larvae than the volatile of non-infested rotten fruits, distinguishing volatile of rotten fruits infested with Drosophilidae from the volatile from ripe fruits infested with Tephritidae larvae. It was observed that G. pelleranoi and O. albinerve locate the host larvae in the fruits through vibrotaxia and D. grenadensis finds host larvae in fruits by using the ovipositor. We observed that D. grenadensis is a parasitoid of Drosophilidae larvae. (AU) | |