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| Author(s): |
Kaline Waismam
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ) |
| Defense date: | 2008-12-18 |
| Examining board members: |
Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky;
Fernanda Faria;
Ligia Ferreira Gomes
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| Advisor: | Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky |
| Abstract | |
LOPAP (Lonomia obliqua prothrombin activator protease) is a serine protease isolated from the crude extract of Lonomia obliqua caterpillar, which induces effects on blood coagulation comparable to the extract. Recently it was obtained a peptide fragment from LOPAP, P4, with similar activities with the protein. This study aimed to complete data about these toxins, LOPAP and P4, on in vivo leukocyte-endothelial interactions; adhesion molecule expressions, synthesis of inflammatory mediators, necrosis and apoptosis of neutrophils and endothelial cells, besides possible actions on angiogenesis. Topical applications of 30μg/mL or 300µg/mL (10µL) of LOPAP or P4 on microvascular network of mesentery of Male Wistar rats did not affect the diameter of postcapillary venules, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, either vascular reactivity to acetylcholine or norepinephrine. Only topical application of 1000µg/mL (10 µL) promoted increment on the number of leukocytes adhered to vessel wall, simultaneously to intermittent blood stasis in the microvascular network. Flow cytometry assays showed that incubations with LOPAP or P4 (300µg/mL) did not modify the expression of L-selectin or β2-integrin in neutrophils from Male Wistar rats. On the other hand, incubations of LOPAP or P4 with primary cultured endothelial cells evoked expressions of ICAM-1, and only incubation with P4 promoted expression of VCAM-1. Differently, the treatments did not affect PECAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. Immunoenzimatic assays carried out in supernatants of neutrophils and endothelial cells incubated with LOPAP or P4 (300µg/mL) showed that both toxins did not alter the basal secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by neutrophils; both toxins did not promote secretion of TNF-α by endothelial cells, however they enhanced the secretion of IL-6 and IL-10. Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), quantified by Griess reaction, were enhanced in the supernatant of neutrophils or endothelial cells incubated with LOPAP or P4. LOPAP or P4 treatments did not alter the viability of neutrophils or endothelial cells, but prevented the apoptosis of both type cell caused by fetal bovine serum deprivation. Simultaneous incubation with L-NAME (1 mM) and LOPAP or P4 reduced the protection on apoptosis exerted by the toxins. The action of toxins on formation of microcirculatory network was investigated in Male Swiss mice. Topical application of LOPAP or P4 (30µg/mL, 300µg/mL; 10µL; 3 times each 96 hours) in the microvascular network significantly reduced the number of vessels in basal conditions. Additionally, treatment with P4 inhibited the new vessel formation provoked by topical application of vascular growth factor supplement. Immortalized endothelial cells of mice (tEnd) incubated with toxins presented lower migration than cells incubated with saline. Together, data herein obtained showed that LOPAP and P4 did not evoke in vivo leukocyte-endothelial interactions and secretions of chemical mediators by neutrophils and endothelial cells, as NO, seem to be related to anti-apoptotic activities. Additionally LOPAP or P4 inhibit the microcirculatory network formation, by interfering, at least in part, by altering the migration of endothelial cells. (AU) | |