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| Author(s): |
Maria da Piedade Araújo
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 1996-11-04 |
| Advisor: | Pedro Valentim Marques |
| Abstract | |
This study is concerned about a survey of the share and geographical distribution of integrated poultry farmers through contracts, in relation to the total production in Minas Gerais State. It was examined the economic viability of the vertical integration contracts, under risk conditions, common1y used by poultry sector in this State. Four different contracts, named A, B, C and D were analysed, for a standard size shed of 1,200 square meters, with lodging capacity of up to 14,000 chickens. The risk variables considered were: average weight, food convertion, daily weight gain, mortality, and the unit price for alive chicken coted by Associação Paulista de Avicultura (APA), combined differently in each rewarding formula. Because of the poultry manure was of great importance in this production system, the investment evaluation was done using three different values for it, in order to verify the project sensibility to these values changes, taking in account the same technological levels. Internal rates of return were calculated to the economic evaIuation and the risk factor analysis was considered through a Monte Carlo's simulation model. Data indicated that though 41,26% of poultry production is conducted under coordination contracts, that means includes over 67,32% of Minas Gerais total farmers. There's a common sense about an increasing trend of production under contractual coordination. This kind of production system is concentrated in Zona da Mata, Triângulo Mineiro and Center Region, mostly the first and second ones which hold 87,24% of total integrated producers. Contracts study doesn't show many differences on clauses, except by the way enterprises calculate the prices that will be paid for their poultry suppliers. There are many accepted reasons explaining enterprises adoption with this production system such as market trends, carcass standartization, homogeneous and guaranteed supply, investment and operational expenditures reductions. Conditions generally imposed to farmers by integration process refer to the distance between the farm and the slaughter house and/or the feed factory. Proper equipment in the installations are also required, and so is a minimum lodging capacity of 6,000 chickens for most enterprises and a minimum limit of 18,000 chickens for just one of them. This fact makes clear the viability of small producer's participation on this business. Simulation process indicate different internal rates of return, with B, C and D contracts rates ranging from 16.89 % to 19.89% by year, considering the averaged value for poultry manure variable in the analysis. Results were concentrated between 12.5% and 13.5% by year, for contract A. A great sensibility to variations in poultry manure values was verified for all the contracts. When that value was null, the simulation has shown economic inviability for all the cases in the scope of this study. Simulation outputs indicated that under risk conditions and taking in account just an average value for poultry manure, the contracts provide attractiveness for farmers invested capital, and that besides the existing mathematical differences on the rewarding formulae, internal rates of return for three of the contracts were concentrated almost in the same range of variation. This shows that different rewarding formulae generates basically the same internal rates of return although companies adopt measures like gas payment and poultry harvesting under B and C contracts, or depreciation fund payment under D contract. Only A contract differed significantly from the others. In general, the results revealed that the investment viability, independently from the kind of contract and rewarding formulae to which integrated farmers are subjected, is closely related to the value they get with the manure poultry sale. (AU) | |