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| Author(s): |
Taise Natali Landgraf
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2016-09-26 |
| Examining board members: |
Ademilson Panunto Castelo;
Roberto Martinez;
Marcio Lourenço Rodrigues;
João Santana da Silva;
Angela Maria Victoriano de Campos Soares
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| Advisor: | Ademilson Panunto Castelo |
| Abstract | |
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides - P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii. The high incidence of PCM in Brazil, added to the severity of the disease and the absence of an antifungal that brings together low toxicity and short-term treatment, led us to evaluate adjuvants and characterize antigenic components of P. brasiliensis that could be used as immunotherapy in an experimental model of PCM. In this work, firstly, we evaluated monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) from Salmonella minnesota, PAM3CSK4, aluminum hydroxide and AS04 in mice chronically infected with P. brasiliensis. When mice were infected intratracheally with 3 × 105 P. brasiliensis yeasts, treated with one of the adjuvants or vehicle on day 20 postinfection, and analyzed 30 days after the treatment, we observed that MPLA, unlike other adjuvants, induced (1) a significant reduction in the number of colony forming units (CFU) in the lungs of the mice, (2) an expressive decrease of granulomas and yeast cells in lung tissue, and (3) a more protective immune response (Th1) when compared with the control mice. Concerning to detection of antigens for PCM therapy, we noticed that among the fractions of a preparation of exoantigens (ExoAg), the one containing the protein identified as dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase induced a high percentage of proliferation of splenic CD3+ T lymphocytes from mice infected and treated with MPLA. The gene of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase was cloned into expression plasmid vector, and the recombinant protein produced, purified and used in the therapeutic protocol of experimental PCM. Surprisingly, the therapeutic administration of recombinant dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, but not ExoAg preparation, induced a significant reduction in fungal load in the animals chronically infected with P. brasiliensis, even in the absence of adjuvants. Immunogold labeling and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase is localized in mitochondria and cytoplasm of P. brasiliensis. The differential expression of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase gene in P. brasiliensis showed that yeast had an expression more significant than hyphae, with an intermediate level of gene expression in the transitional forms. In conclusion, our results show that MPLA and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCM due to their beneficial effects in a therapy model of PCM. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/08552-0 - Identification of antigens from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis with immunotherapeutic potential for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis. |
| Grantee: | Taise Natali Landgraf |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |