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The relationship between developmental kinetics and metabolic response in bovine embryos submitted to stress during in vitro culture.

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Author(s):
Carina Carvalho dos Santos
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: São Paulo.
Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
Defense date:
Examining board members:
Luciana Cezar de Cerqueira Leite; Ana Marcia de Sá Guimarães; Gabriel Padilla Maldonado; Marilis do Valle Marques; Rita de Cássia Ruiz
Advisor: Luciana Cezar de Cerqueira Leite
Abstract

During in vitro culture cells are submitted to many stressful stimuli, however, the heterogeneity of the response to those stimuli is usually not considered. This study was based on a factorial experimental design (2x2x3) created to evaluate how embryos with distinct developmental kinetics respond to the combination of environmental and metabolic stress during in vitro culture. For this purpose, Fast (4 or more cells at 22 hours of culture) and Slow embryos (2-3 cells) were produced in vitro using standard protocols, cultured in 2020% or 520% O2 and also in distinct glucose concentrations (0, 2 and 5mM), resulting in 12 groups. Blastocysts were evaluated for 95 characters including 82 genes, 7 biochemical evidences: consumption of glucose, glutamate and pyruvate; production of lactate and ATP; generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial activity and finally the lipid content. Data were normalized and gathered in a matrix that was analyzed under parsimony, with 500 replicates and Tree-Bissection Reconection as the swapping algorithm (TNT software), searching for similar behaviors. All characters were additive and equally weighted. This analysis resulted in a single optimal tree, fully resolved. Results show the groups arranging in two main clusters according to oxygen tension regardless of developmental kinetics and glucose, except the groups of slow embryos cultured in a high glucose environment (5mM). Each cluster was separately analyzed and at 520% of oxygen (more similar to what is found in the uterus), embryos clustered according to developmental kinetics and independently of glucose concentration in culture media. On that condition, embryos with a faster kinetics were more capable of reaching blastocyst stage without overloading the metabolism. At 20%of oxygen, glucose supplementation seems to be more important for the clustering. In a high glucose environment embryos, in special de slow ones, show altered metabolism and block. However embryos cultured in lower glucose concentrations are more capable of activating adaptive mechanisms and overcome stress injuries. The embryonic plasticity is a unique feature and with this work we were able to demonstrate how metabolism modulates to help the embryos face stressful conditions while trying to survive at any cost. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 14/01271-0 - Identification of biomarkers of protection and immunological characterization of a novel vaccine candidate against tuberculosis based on Recombinant BCG
Grantee:Carina Carvalho dos Santos
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)