Bioprospection of brazilian cyanobacteria strains in order to obtain cyanopeptides inhibitors of proteases.

Author(s)

Fernanda Cristina Rodrigues de Paiva

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ)
• Defense date: 2015-04-13

Examining board members

Ernani Pinto Junior; Augusto Etchegaray Júnior; Marli de Fatima Fiore

• Advisor: Ernani Pinto Junior

Abstract

Some cyanobacterial species can produce different types of bioactive peptides (cyanopeptides), such as aeruginosins, cyanopeptolins, microginins, microviridins, anabaenopeptins and microcystins. Microcystins are well known in the scientific literature as hepatotoxins that inhibit phosphatases type 1 and 2A. Microginins are reported as inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and other proteases, being important candidates for the development of anti-hypertensive compounds. Nevertheless, the physiological functions of these compounds have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify cyanopeptides, namely microginins, produced by Brazilian cyanobacterial strains. The fractionation of cyanobacterial extracts was screened by ACE inhibition assays. Extracts of 59 cyanobacterial strains were produced from cultures cultivated under laboratory conditions and, in cases where microginins were found, prefractionation were carried out by solid phase extraction on a reverse phase column. The fractions obtained were tested for inhibition of ACE and analyzed by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS) by using precursor ion scan to monitor the loss of m/z 128 and 142, typical fragments detected from the amino acid Ahda, which is exclusively found in microginins. In cases where fractions demonstrated inhibitory activity, the fractionation was continued by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography for the isolation of cyanopeptides. The analyzed species belong to the genere: Microcystis, Oscillatoria, Radiocystis, Sphaerocavum, Sphaerospermopsis, Cylindrospermopsis, Leptolyngbya, Pleurocapsa, Chrooccocidiopsis, Nostoc, Brasilonema, Desmonostoc, Oculatella and Limnothrix. And other species of Pseudanabaenaceae, Nostocaceae and Michochaetaceae families did not have their peptides completely characterized. Analyses of HPLC-DAD did not revealed characteristic features by UV spectra of microginins in the 59 strains. These results were corroborated by analyses of LC-MS triple quadrupole, microginins were not detected as well. Some strains were positive for microcystin variants, showing maximum UV absorption at 238 nm and typical MS/MS spectra. Initial enzyme assays for the inhibition of ACE were performed with fractions of the control strains LTPNA 08 and 09, known as microginins\' producers. Samples fromIsrael, kindly donated by Prof. Shmuel Carmeli, of Tel Aviv University, were analyzed by mass spectrometry in the precursor ion mode for the investigation of microginins. Ions m/z 128 and 142 were founded on one sample of Israel. A HPLC method was optimized for the detection and isolation of cyanopeptides produced by culture LTPNA 08. Fractions isolated by semi-preparative HPLC were analyzed by LC-MS and collected when UV and MS spectra were characteristically similar to microginins . 4.8 mg of microginins were obtained by semi-preparative HPLC from 3 g of dried strains. The inhibition assays of ECA were performed with fractions of microginins and microcystin-LR analytical standard. The results showed that microginins as well as microcystin-LR have the potential of inhibiting ACE. Microginins and microcystin-LR can be considered as target molecules for the study of ACE inhibitors. Further research on the production of these classes of peptides is relevant because of its ecotoxicological and pharmacological potential. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/08757-3 - Bioprospection of Brazilian cyanobacterial directed in order to obtain cyanopeptides protease inhibitors
• Grantee: Fernanda Cristina Rodrigues de Paiva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master