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| Author(s): |
Sergio Jansen González
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2009-03-09 |
| Examining board members: |
Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira;
Angelo Pires do Prado;
Zila Luz Paulino Simoes
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| Advisor: | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira |
| Abstract | |
The species-specific mutualistic interaction between fig trees and fig wasps engages two antagonist processes: seed predation and pollination, both achieved by wasps of the Agaonidae family. It is well known that fig wasp larvae feed on seed tissues for their development but the process itself is poorly known. Here is a study on the larval biology of Pegoscapus tonduzi, pollinator of Ficus citrifolia (Moraceae). The study was carried out between July 2007 and August 2008 at the Sao Paulo University campus in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo State. Four cohorts of fig wasps were studied; for each cohort, about five figs were sampled each two days until complete larval cycle. Sampled figs were dissected for larvae observation and measurement, and flower ovaries/galls subsamples destined to histological study. Results showed that seed predation by fig wasps is a complex process, with larval development closely related to plant embryogenesis. Four larval instars were determined by changes on larva size and shape. Larval cycle extended from 40 to 70 days, showing a negative relation with environmental temperature. The egg is laid near the style insertion, between nucleus and inner integument of the flower ovary. Vegetal embryo was observed along with first larval instar, indicating that fertilization took place inside the ovary where larva develops. At second instar, the larva migrates to the micropilar region and begins to feed orally from endosperm. In this phase, the embryo disappears, suggesting that it is consumed by the larva. Our results suggest a fine tune evolutionary insect-plant adjustment, as fig wasp larvae seems to depend on ovary fertilization and endosperm development. (AU) | |