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| Author(s): |
Fabiana Braga Benatti
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Educação Física e Esportes (EEFE/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2011-05-15 |
| Examining board members: |
Antonio Herbert Lancha Junior;
Bruno Gualano;
Eder Carlos Rocha Quintao;
Marilia Cerqueira Leite Seelaender;
Tais Tinucci
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| Advisor: | Antonio Herbert Lancha Junior |
| Abstract | |
Liposuction is the most communly cosmetic surgery performed worlwide. Because adipose tissue is metabolicaly active, researchers have suggested that the surgical removal of fat through liposuction could benefically affect the metabolic profile. In addition, in many species, when body fat is removed, it is recovered rapidly due to compensatory fat growth at intact depots. Regular exercise training benefits metabolic profile and body composition by increasing energy expenditure and preserving fat free mass. Studies about the associated effects of liposuction and physical exercise lack in the literature. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of liposuction associated with exercise training on metabolic profile, adiposity and body fat distribution in adult normal weight women (20 to 35 years old, BMI: 23,8 ± 2.2 Kg/m2). Thirty-six women underwent a small-volume abdominal liposuction (mean fat aspirate supernantant: 1240.3 ± 363.6 ml). Two months after surgery were randomly divided into two groups: trained (TR; n=18) and sedentary control (SC; n=18). The four-month exercise program consisted of aerobic plus resistance training, thrice a week. Body composition (hydrostatic weighing), body fat distribution (computer tomography), dietary intake (food records), lipid profile, plasmatic concentration of citokyne, adiponectin and leptin were assessed at baseline (PRE), two (POST-2) and six months after surgery (POST-6). Physical capacity (by VO2max, one repetition maximum (1RM) bench and leg press ), resting energy expenditure (TMR - indirect calorimetry), adipocyte size and gene expression of adipogenesis transcription factors, leptin, adiponectin and citokyne were assessed at PRE and POST-6. Dietary intake was unchanged throughout the study. Six months after surgery, LS group showed increased visceral adipose tissue (TAV), decreased TMR and a tendency to return body weight and fat to baseline values. LT group also showed decreased TMR, but sustained liposuction-induced decreased body weight and fat, increased fat free mass and preserved TAV at POST-6. Both groups showed decreased levels of adiponectin and increased levels of total cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol and LDL/ApoB ratio at POST-6. In conclusion, abdominal subcutaneous fat removal in normal weight subjects triggers a compensatory increase of fat, specially towards the visceral cavity, and lowers adiponectin levels, which could enhance long-term cardiovascular risk. Additionally, exercise training plays a very important role in preserving against the compensatory increase of visceral fat and attenuating possible long-term deleterious effects (AU) | |