Full text
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| Author(s): |
Thaís do Carmo
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2020-01-24 |
| Examining board members: |
Luciano Martins Verdade;
Carla Gheler Costa;
Jose Eurico Possebon Cyrino;
Thiago Simon Marques
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| Advisor: | Luciano Martins Verdade |
| Abstract | |
The low success rate of capture may be a limiting factor to the success of several wildlife studies. Therefore, the improvement of capture techniques, especially in relation to predators, is necessary. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the attractiveness of four different types of baits on medium and large predators. The study was developed at Fazenda Três Lagoas and Arca, which is part of the Angatuba Center of the Biodiversity Research Program (PPBio), in the municipality of Angatuba - State of São Paulo, and lasted five months. For large predators corral traps baited with chicken, pork, goats or sheep were used in a Latin Square design. For the sampling of medium-sized canids and felids, 115x40x60 cm galvanized wire cage traps were trapped with dog food, shrimp-scented dog food, cat food or shrimp-scented cat food. The methodology was adapted from the one used by PPBio: 30 sampling units were systematically distributed in a grid, 1 km apart from each other. From the 30 points in the grid available, 24 were chosen, 12 points in the eucalyptus matrix and 12 points in native vegetation areas. Animal approach was monitored in both corral and cage traps by photographic trapping using Bushnell Trophy Cam® cameras programmed to operate 24 hours a day and shoot for 15 seconds with a one-minute interval between the videos. The results were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Mean Analysis (ANOM). The medium and large carnivorous species that have been recurrently captured in both corral and cage videos are opportunistic species which are tolerant to modified environments and human presence, such as the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), the Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) and the maned-wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Felines were captured at a low rate, with only two species being detected - puma and ocelot - during the pre-experimental period. Regarding the corral trap experiment, the maned wolves were significantly more attracted to chickens than to any other bait (sheep, piglets or goats); the other species of wild predators did not respond significantly to the baits offered. Moreover, the analysis of the number of recorded videos that each side of the corrals obtained shows that the cameras located on the west face of all corrals detected a significantly smaller number of visiting species. For wire cage traps, the interaction between the number of species, the number of video occurrences, the baits (ie, dog and cat food, with and without shrimp essence) and the environment (ie, matrix and native vegetation) was marginally significant; in addition, wild canids and felids species in the area did not respond to any of the baits offered. However, domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) were significantly attracted to cat food without shrimp essence. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 16/19600-6 - Effectiveness of different bait types to capture wild Canidae and Felidae |
| Grantee: | Thaís Do Carmo |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |