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| Author(s): |
Caroline da Cruz Pavan Cândido
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2019-04-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Carmem Beatriz Neufeld;
Roberto Alves Banaco;
Ricardo Gorayeb;
Bernard Pimentel Rangé
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| Advisor: | Carmem Beatriz Neufeld |
| Abstract | |
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, there has been a great concern of Psychology, in general, to constitute itself as a science. The greater expression of this, in psychotherapy, was the emergence of Behavior Therapy. These same concerns were importante for the emergence of Cognitive Therapies. It is possible to identify in the history of these two groups of therapies common origins and influences. At the same time, some points of departure and divergence between these perspectives are clear. Considering the importance of theoretical and technical foundation consistent with practice and not simply an application of indiscriminate techniques, it is justified to carry out a study with the objective of performing a historical-conceptual analysis of behavioral and cognitive based therapies, of their techniques and theories, examining the approximations and divergences between these intervention proposals, and establishing a relationship between the history and the characteristics of current practices in Brazil. For that, a historical study was carried out that had as sources assorted materials - books, chapters, scientific articles, scientific relays, dissertations and theses, correspondence between authors, conference programs, and personal annotations - dealing with facts directly or indirectly related to history of these therapies. In addition, an interview was conducted and visits were made to various historical archives in the USA. From the texts found, we first elaborated a definition, from the Brazilian literature, for several terms used to refer to behavioral and cognitive based therapies. Then, a history of the approaches was elaborated, focusing on the evolution of the terms used throughout history and the points of approximation and divergence between the several therapeutic proposals. It is noted that Watson, Mary Cover Jones, Skinner, Tolman and Hull are pointed out as precursors of these therapies. The articles of Lindsley, Solomon and Skinner, Wolpe, and Eysenck are singled out as the founders of the area, by using the term Behavior Therapy for the first time. Still in the decade of 1950, the first proposals of cognitive based therapies, by Beck and Ellis appear. In a second moment, members of the behavioral group begin to question some aspects of Behavior Therapy and dissatisfactions arise with the model, but maintaining the concerns with the scientific criterion. It is in this context that another group of cognitive-based interventions, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies, emerges. In relation to Brazil, there is a proper development of the area in the country, which begins with the transposition of the knowledge of Behavior Analysis to the clinic. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, interest in cognitive aspects increased, culminating in the arrival of Cognitive Therapies in the country in the early 1980s. With respect to the wave metaphor, it can be said that it is used to describe three different periods in the history of the approaches, describing the changes that have occurred in the history of these therapies in the USA. When one uses this same metaphor to talk about the history of Brazil, it is necessary to make some specific analyzes of the country\'s history, which is different from American history. It can be concluded that the variety of terminologies used to refer to cognitive and behavioral therapeutic practices reveal some differences in the interpretations of the same philosophical premises. Several implications may derive from these characteristics. One is related to the strength and establishment of the area, which may lose cohesion and be weakened if different denominations are used to refer to the same practices. In addition, the data show that it is necessary to recognize particularities existing in the history of the different groups and countries. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/25532-8 - Analytical behavior therapy and cognitive-behavior therapies: similarities and divergences from a historical perspective and current practice |
| Grantee: | Caroline da Cruz Pavan-Cândido |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |