Interaction of a Leptospira interrogans protein with plasma components and extracellular matrix of the host

Author(s)

Maria Fernanda Cavenague Pereira

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB/SDI)
• Defense date: 2018-05-16

Examining board members

Ana Lucia Tabet Oller do Nascimento; Renato Mancini Astray; Ana Marcia de Sá Guimarães; Beatriz Ernestina Cabilio Guth

• Advisor: Ana Lucia Tabet Oller do Nascimento

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a widely disseminated zoonosis, caused by the pathogenic genus Leptospira. This disease presents great human and veterinary interest due to economic. In urban areas, rodents are the major reservoir of the disease. The leptospires colonize the proximal renal tubules and shedding them live in urine. Humans can be infected directly or indirectly through contaminated soil or water. After the infection, mild or more severe symptoms such as jaundice and bleeding may occur. The clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis is difficult because the initial symptoms are common in other diseases. Existing vaccines are based on inactivated bacteria, do not confer lasting protection, and are serovar specific. Currently, more than 250 different serovars of the bacterium have been identified, therefore, the identification of outer membrane proteins conserved between different species and serovars of Leptospiraand that may interact with the host are the main research targets for the vaccine development. These proteins can serve as targets for the immune system of the host. Thus, several studies have sought to characterize and identify as surface proteins that are antigenic and present in the various serovars of Leptospira interrogans. The first step of this work was to evaluate the cellular localization, presence of export signal and / or lipidation, presence of conserved domains and similarity with other sequences through the bioinformatics programs. Initially, LIC10562 and LIC13259 genes were amplified by PCR using the L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni DNA. The generated DNA fragments were cloned into the pGEM T-Easy vector and subcloned into the pAE expression vector and expressed in strains of Escherichia coli. Recombinant proteins were purified by metal affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein encoded by the LIC10562 gene presented difficulties during purification. For this reason, study with this gene has been discontinued. On the other hand, the purification of LIC13259 was successfully achieved. The presence of secondary structure of rLIC13259 was assessed by circular dichroism and its immunogenic activity was analyzed after immunization in Balb / c mice. Cell localization assays have demonstrated the exposure of the protein to the surface of the bacteria, which corroborates with bioinformatics analyzes. In addition, rLIC13259 was recognized by sera from infected individuals, suggesting its expression during infection. Interaction with host components showed that the rLIC13259 protein was able to bind laminin, plasminogen, vitronectin, C7, C8 and C9 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, rLIC13259 was able to recruit these components directly from human serum, revealing the importance of this interaction. The binding of rLIC13259 to PLG was able to generate plasmin, suggesting that this protein may contribute to the invasion processes of the bacterium in the host. The interaction of rLIC13259 with components of the complement system appears to occur via the heparin domains. In addition, the involvement of the recombinant protein with C9 was able to inhibit the polymerization of C9, consequently,inhibiting a formation of the membrane attack complex. Taken together, our data suggest the participation of the LIC13259 protein in the mechanisms of invasion and evasion of the host immune system. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/04295-3 - Interaction of two Leptospira interrogans proteins to plasma and extracellular matrix components of the host
• Grantee: Maria Fernanda Cavenague Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master