Evaluation of yoghurt produced from milk with different somatic cell counts.

Author(s)

Andrezza Maria Fernandes

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT)
• Defense date: 2004-01-09

Examining board members

Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira; Eliana Setsuko Kamimura; Marcos Veiga dos Santos

• Advisor: Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics, as well as proteolysis, lipolysis and viscosity of plain stirred yoghurt produced from whole milk with somatic cell counts (SCC) at levels of < 400,000 cells/mL, 400,000-800,000 cells/mL and > 800,000 cells/mL. Each milk treatment was obtained from selected cows, according to its SSC status and milk composition. Yoghurts were produced after standardisation of milk total solids (TS), followed by pasteurisation (90ºC, 15 minutes), addition of starter culture, incubation (42ºC, approx. 3 hours) and packaging. Yoghurts were stored at 5ºC, and quality evaluation was conducted in samples collected on days 1, 10, 20 and 30 after production. Manufacturing procedures were repeated for six times, from March to August/2003. Yoghurt analyses included: pH, acidity, fat, protein, TS, solids non-fat (SNF), total nitrogen (TN), non-casein nitrogen (NCN) and non-protein nitrogen (NPN), free fatty acids (FFA), apparent viscosity, lactic bacteria counts and coliforms at 30 and 45ºC. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of milk and yoghurt among treatments. Proteolysis, as estimated by TN – NCN / TN – NPN relation, was constant for all treatment yoghurts (P > 0.05). Viscosity of high SCC yoghurt (> 800,00 cells/mL) increased (P < 0.05) on 10, 20 and 30 days storage, and a positive correlation (P < 0.05) with SCC was observed on days 20 and 30. FFA content was higher (P < 0.05) on days 1 and 30 of storage, and besides there was a positive correlation (P < 0.05) between SCC and FFA levels on the same days of storage. Results indicate that high SCC milk do not affect proteolysis of yoghurt, although it increases viscosity and lypolisis during storage for 30 days. (AU)